Physical Examination Ddx Flashcards
Cause of Unilateral Facial Nerve Palsy
Lower motor Nerve lesion or Bell’s Palsy
Viral infection/ Herpes Zoster
Basal Skull Fx
Parotid Gland tumor or Surgery
CSOM (Chronic Suppurative Otitis Media)
Not stroke
Mx:
Referral To Neuro
Prednisolone
Artificial tear
Involve Physiotherapist for Facial Muscle Exercise
Hand exam neuro Ddx
Carpal tunnel
Cubital tunnel
HypoCalcemia (post thyroidectomy)
Diabetic sensory neuropathy
Alcoholic/Vit B12 Sensory neuropathy
Cervical Radiculopathy
Brachial Plexus injury
Uremic Encephalopathy
Hypothyroidism
Pancoast tumor
Hand pain Ddx
OA
RA
Psoariatic Arthritis
Reactive Arthritis
Ankylosing spondylitis
Gout
Carpal tunnel syndrome
Cubital tunnel syndrome
Cervical Radiculopathy
Elbow pain Ddx
Lateral Epicondylitis
Medial Epicondylitis
Bursitis
Biceps Tendonitis
OA, RA, Psoriatic Arthritis, Septic Arthritis
Osteochondritis Dissecans (small segment of bone begins to separate from surrounding region due to lack of blood supply)
Cervical Radiculopathy
Neck pain Ddx
Cervical Spondylosis
RA
Ankylosing Spondylitis
Referred pain from head such as Tension headache
PMR (Polymyalgia Rheumatica)
Meningitis
Shoulder pain Ddx
Rotator Cuff injury
Impingement syndrome
Frozen shoulder
Biceps tendonitis
OA, RA, Gout, Psoariatic Arthritis
Cervical Radiculopathy
Acromioclavicular Joint subluxation/dislocation
Shoulder dislocation
Back pain Ddx
Mechanical back pain
Cauda Equina syndrome
Arthritis: OA, RA, Psoriatic arthritis, Reactive Arthritis
Infection: Osteomyelitis
Lumbar radiculopathy
Spinal canal stenosis
Sacroiliitis
IBD
Ankylosing spondylitis)
Hip pain
OA, RA, Septic A, Osteomyelitis
Adductor Tendonitis
Trochanteric Bursitis (pain in Trochanter)
Greater Trochanteric syndrome (Bursitis + Inflammation of tendons)
Fracture of neck of femur
Soft tissue injury
Sensory Neuropathy Ddx
Diabetic sensory neuropathy
Alcoholic sensory neuropathy
Vitamin B12 Deficiency
Hypothyroidism
Liver disease
Uremia
Lumbar Radiculopathy
Ear pain Ddx
Acute & Chronic Suppurative Otitis Media
Cholesteatoma
Otosclerosis
Ear wax impaction
Sensorineural HL: Acoustic Neuroma
Chest trauma complications
Lung injuries: Pneumothorax, Hemothorax
chest wall: muscles, ribs
Tamponade
Injury to great vessels
Esopageal inj
Liver
Spleen
Hot flushes + Tiredness Ddx
Menopause
Hyperthyroidism
Lymphoma
Pheochromocytoma
HIV
Infective Endocarditis
TB
Med: SSRI
Monocular diplopia Ddx
Binocular diplopia Ddx
Ddx: Monocular diplopia
Ddx:Binocular diplopia
If on covering R eye there’s double vision> Monocular Diplopia
If on covering both>Double vision>Binocular Diplopia
W/h direction is diplopia worse in? Worse in direction of weak muscle >Left Lateral gaze
Cranial N>3,4,6
Eye muscle dx>MG
Thyroid ophthalmoplegia(Thyroid eye disease)
Trauma
Opthalmoplegic Migraine
Diabetic opthalmoplegia
Ischemic optic neuropathy
Diabetic retinopathy
Optic mass or lesion
TIA Ddx
Glaucoma
Temporal arteritis
Dm/HTN retinopathy
Retinal Detachment
CRAO (central retinal artery occlusion)
CRVO
Optic Neuritis
Brain tumor
Intracranial bleeding
Upper limb neuropathy Ddx
Pancoast tumor
Skin CA
Esphageal CA
Oropharngeal CA
Breast CA
Alcoholic sensory neuropathy
Cervical Radiculopathy
Vit B12 deficiency
Diabetic neuropathy
Thyroid
Brain tumor
Rash/Lymphadenopathy Ddx
Generalized lymphadenopathy:
Lymphoma
Leukemia
EBV
HIV
CMV
Toxoplasmosis
Localized Lymphadenopathy:
Infection: Cellulitis
Melanoma
Scrotal> SCC
Herpes
Syphilis
DRE ddx
Anal fissure
Hemorrhoids
Perianal Abscess
IBD
Bowel CA
Diverticulitis
Breast PEx Ddx
Breast CA
Fibroadenoma
Fibrocystic changes
Breast cyst
Breast abscess
Fat necrosis
+-Lipoma
if man: Gynecomastia
Unsteady gait Ddx
Alcoholic Cerebellar disease
Alcoholic Sensory Neuropathy
Stroke/TIA
Brain Tumor
Vit B12 deficiency
DM
Hypothyroidism
MS
Ear: Vestibular Neuritis, Menniere dx
Abdominal pain Ddx
Bowel CA
Fecal impaction
Hernia
Mesenteric ischemia
Diverticulitis
Appendicitis
Giddiness/Dizziness/Vertigo Ddx
Acute Labyrinthitis
BPPV
Miniere
Vestibular Migraine
Cerebellar tumors
PICA
Stroke/TIA
MS
Vit B12 deficiency
+-Acoustic Neuroma
+-MI/Arrythmia
+-Alcohol
Unconscious patient Ddx
Head trauma and intracranial bleed
Encephalitis
SAH
Brain Tumors
Seizures
Stroke
CVS:
Arrythmia
ACS
AS
Electrolyte imbalance:
Hypo/hyper Kalemia/Natremia
Hypo/Hyper Glycemia
Hepatic encephalopathy
Hypothyroidism: Myxedema coma
Alcohol/Drug overdose
+-Psychiatric prob
Tremor Ddx
Drug related such as Risperidone
Benign Essential tremor
Parkinson
Alcohol
Cerebellar dx
Liver dx
Hyperthyroidism
CO2 retention
Age related
Anxiety related
Sore throat + fever + ear pain
Exudative tonsillitis + AOM(Acute Otitis Media)
Viral Pharngitis/tonsillitis: EBV/inflammation
Bacterial Pharyngitis/tonsillitis: Streptococcus, Chlamydia, Gonococcal infection
Quinsy
Pneumonia
Epiglottitis, Laryngitis
Bacterial Tracheitis
Acute Bronchiolitis
Urine dipstick abnormality Ddx
Renal Calculus
UTI/Pyelonephritis
KUB CA
KUB Trauma
Exercise induced hematuria.
Ankle swelling Ddx
HF
Liver failure
Hypothyroidism
Venous insufficiency
Lymphedema
Medication induced: Amlodipine
Linea Rash Ddx
Cellulitis
Thrombophlebitis
Eczema
Contact Dermatitis
Insect bite
Upper limb DVT
Other rash ddx:
HSP
ITP
Meningococcemia
Lymphoma
+-Viral Exanthem: Scarlet fever…
Facial lump Ddx
Benign Parotid lump: Pleomorphic adenoma
Sialdenitis (infection of salivary gland: viral/bacterial)
Sialolithiasis (stones in salivary gland)
Metastasis to Parotid
+-Lipoma
+-Sebaceous cyst
