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Clinical > Physical Examination Ddx > Flashcards

Physical Examination Ddx Flashcards

1
Q

Cause of Unilateral Facial Nerve Palsy

A

Lower motor Nerve lesion or Bell’s Palsy
Viral infection/ Herpes Zoster
Basal Skull Fx
Parotid Gland tumor or Surgery
CSOM (Chronic Suppurative Otitis Media)
Not stroke

Mx:
Referral To Neuro
Prednisolone
Artificial tear
Involve Physiotherapist for Facial Muscle Exercise

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2
Q

Hand exam neuro Ddx

A

Carpal tunnel
Cubital tunnel
HypoCalcemia (post thyroidectomy)
Diabetic sensory neuropathy
Alcoholic/Vit B12 Sensory neuropathy
Cervical Radiculopathy
Brachial Plexus injury

Uremic Encephalopathy
Hypothyroidism
Pancoast tumor

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3
Q

Hand pain Ddx

A

OA
RA
Psoariatic Arthritis
Reactive Arthritis
Ankylosing spondylitis
Gout

Carpal tunnel syndrome
Cubital tunnel syndrome
Cervical Radiculopathy

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4
Q

Elbow pain Ddx

A

Lateral Epicondylitis
Medial Epicondylitis
Bursitis
Biceps Tendonitis
OA, RA, Psoriatic Arthritis, Septic Arthritis
Osteochondritis Dissecans (small segment of bone begins to separate from surrounding region due to lack of blood supply)
Cervical Radiculopathy

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5
Q

Neck pain Ddx

A

Cervical Spondylosis
RA
Ankylosing Spondylitis
Referred pain from head such as Tension headache
PMR (Polymyalgia Rheumatica)
Meningitis

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6
Q

Shoulder pain Ddx

A

Rotator Cuff injury
Impingement syndrome
Frozen shoulder
Biceps tendonitis
OA, RA, Gout, Psoariatic Arthritis
Cervical Radiculopathy
Acromioclavicular Joint subluxation/dislocation
Shoulder dislocation

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7
Q

Back pain Ddx

A

Mechanical back pain
Cauda Equina syndrome
Arthritis: OA, RA, Psoriatic arthritis, Reactive Arthritis
Infection: Osteomyelitis
Lumbar radiculopathy
Spinal canal stenosis
Sacroiliitis
IBD
Ankylosing spondylitis)

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8
Q

Hip pain

A

OA, RA, Septic A, Osteomyelitis
Adductor Tendonitis
Trochanteric Bursitis (pain in Trochanter)
Greater Trochanteric syndrome (Bursitis + Inflammation of tendons)
Fracture of neck of femur
Soft tissue injury

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9
Q

Sensory Neuropathy Ddx

A

Diabetic sensory neuropathy
Alcoholic sensory neuropathy
Vitamin B12 Deficiency
Hypothyroidism
Liver disease
Uremia
Lumbar Radiculopathy

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10
Q

Ear pain Ddx

A

Acute & Chronic Suppurative Otitis Media
Cholesteatoma
Otosclerosis
Ear wax impaction
Sensorineural HL: Acoustic Neuroma

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11
Q

Chest trauma complications

A

Lung injuries: Pneumothorax, Hemothorax
chest wall: muscles, ribs
Tamponade
Injury to great vessels
Esopageal inj
Liver
Spleen

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12
Q

Hot flushes + Tiredness Ddx

A

Menopause
Hyperthyroidism
Lymphoma
Pheochromocytoma
HIV
Infective Endocarditis
TB
Med: SSRI

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13
Q

Monocular diplopia Ddx
Binocular diplopia Ddx

A

Ddx: Monocular diplopia
Ddx:Binocular diplopia
If on covering R eye there’s double vision> Monocular Diplopia
If on covering both>Double vision>Binocular Diplopia
W/h direction is diplopia worse in? Worse in direction of weak muscle >Left Lateral gaze
Cranial N>3,4,6
Eye muscle dx>MG
Thyroid ophthalmoplegia(Thyroid eye disease)
Trauma
Opthalmoplegic Migraine
Diabetic opthalmoplegia
Ischemic optic neuropathy
Diabetic retinopathy
Optic mass or lesion

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14
Q

TIA Ddx

A

Glaucoma
Temporal arteritis
Dm/HTN retinopathy
Retinal Detachment
CRAO (central retinal artery occlusion)
CRVO
Optic Neuritis
Brain tumor
Intracranial bleeding

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15
Q

Upper limb neuropathy Ddx

A

Pancoast tumor
Skin CA
Esphageal CA
Oropharngeal CA
Breast CA

Alcoholic sensory neuropathy

Cervical Radiculopathy

Vit B12 deficiency
Diabetic neuropathy

Thyroid
Brain tumor

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16
Q

Rash/Lymphadenopathy Ddx

A

Generalized lymphadenopathy:

Lymphoma
Leukemia
EBV
HIV
CMV
Toxoplasmosis

Localized Lymphadenopathy:
Infection: Cellulitis
Melanoma
Scrotal> SCC
Herpes
Syphilis

17
Q

DRE ddx

A

Anal fissure
Hemorrhoids
Perianal Abscess
IBD
Bowel CA
Diverticulitis

18
Q

Breast PEx Ddx

A

Breast CA
Fibroadenoma
Fibrocystic changes
Breast cyst
Breast abscess
Fat necrosis
+-Lipoma
if man: Gynecomastia

19
Q

Unsteady gait Ddx

A

Alcoholic Cerebellar disease
Alcoholic Sensory Neuropathy
Stroke/TIA
Brain Tumor
Vit B12 deficiency
DM
Hypothyroidism
MS
Ear: Vestibular Neuritis, Menniere dx

20
Q

Abdominal pain Ddx

A

Bowel CA
Fecal impaction
Hernia
Mesenteric ischemia
Diverticulitis
Appendicitis

21
Q

Giddiness/Dizziness/Vertigo Ddx

A

Acute Labyrinthitis
BPPV
Miniere
Vestibular Migraine
Cerebellar tumors
PICA
Stroke/TIA
MS
Vit B12 deficiency
+-Acoustic Neuroma
+-MI/Arrythmia
+-Alcohol

22
Q

Unconscious patient Ddx

A

Head trauma and intracranial bleed
Encephalitis
SAH
Brain Tumors
Seizures
Stroke

CVS:
Arrythmia
ACS
AS

Electrolyte imbalance:
Hypo/hyper Kalemia/Natremia
Hypo/Hyper Glycemia

Hepatic encephalopathy
Hypothyroidism: Myxedema coma
Alcohol/Drug overdose
+-Psychiatric prob

23
Q

Tremor Ddx

A

Drug related such as Risperidone
Benign Essential tremor
Parkinson
Alcohol

Cerebellar dx
Liver dx
Hyperthyroidism
CO2 retention

Age related
Anxiety related

24
Q

Sore throat + fever + ear pain

A

Exudative tonsillitis + AOM(Acute Otitis Media)
Viral Pharngitis/tonsillitis: EBV/inflammation
Bacterial Pharyngitis/tonsillitis: Streptococcus, Chlamydia, Gonococcal infection
Quinsy
Pneumonia
Epiglottitis, Laryngitis
Bacterial Tracheitis
Acute Bronchiolitis

25
Q

Urine dipstick abnormality Ddx

A

Renal Calculus
UTI/Pyelonephritis
KUB CA
KUB Trauma
Exercise induced hematuria.

26
Q

Ankle swelling Ddx

A

HF
Liver failure
Hypothyroidism
Venous insufficiency
Lymphedema
Medication induced: Amlodipine

27
Q

Linea Rash Ddx

A

Cellulitis
Thrombophlebitis
Eczema
Contact Dermatitis
Insect bite
Upper limb DVT

Other rash ddx:
HSP
ITP
Meningococcemia
Lymphoma
+-Viral Exanthem: Scarlet fever…

28
Q

Facial lump Ddx

A

Benign Parotid lump: Pleomorphic adenoma
Sialdenitis (infection of salivary gland: viral/bacterial)
Sialolithiasis (stones in salivary gland)
Metastasis to Parotid
+-Lipoma
+-Sebaceous cyst

Clinical (5 decks)

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