Physical Exam Flashcards
Learn the physical features useful to rule in/out a differential
1
Q
Stroke
A
- Facial droop
- Arm drift
- Speech difficulty
- Vision deviation
- Aphasia
- Neglect
2
Q
Intracranial Hemorrhage/Subdural Hematoma
A
- Anisocoria
- Ptosis
- Ophthalmoplegia
3
Q
CHF
A
- S3 (Early diastolic) heart sound
- JVD
- Crackles in lung fields
- Sacral/peripheral edema
4
Q
Pulmonary Embolism
A
- Clear lung fields
2. Unilateral limb swelling
5
Q
ACS
A
- S3 (Early diastolic) heart sound
- New systolic murmur
- Crackles in lung fields
- JVD
- Hepatojugular reflex
- Peripheral edema
6
Q
Aortic Dissection
A
- Aortic regurgitation murmur
- Pulse deficit between radials
- Bilateral BP difference >20 mmHg
- Focal neurological deficit
- Shock or hypotension
7
Q
Pneumonia
A
- Inspiratory crackles
- Bronchial breath sounds
- Pleural effusion
- Ronchi and wheezing
8
Q
Pneumothorax
A
- Decreased breath sounds (esp. traumatic)
- Tracheal deviation away from affected side
- Hyperresonance of affected side
- Hypotension
9
Q
Pericarditis
A
- Pericardial friction rub (lower left sternal border)
Tamponade signs - Narrow pulse pressure
- Pulsus paradoxus (inspiratory drop in BP)
- JVD
10
Q
Asthma
A
- Respiratory distress
- Tachycardia and tachypnea
- Wheezing
- Use of accessory muscles
- Inability to speak full sentences
- Pulsus paradoxus
11
Q
COPDE
A
- Tripod position
- Pursed-lip breathing
- Accessory muscle use
- Pulsus paradoxus
12
Q
Anaphylaxis
A
- Pruritus
- Cutaneous flushing
- Urticaria
- Hoarse voice
- Bronchospasm
- Conjunctivitis
- Hypotension
13
Q
Croup
A
- Stridor (0, 1 upon agitation, 2 at rest)
- Chest wall retractions (0-3)
- Diminished air entry (0-2)
- Cyanosis (0, 4 upon agitation, 5 at rest)
- Diminished level of consciousness (0, 5)
Scores:
<=2 Mild
3-7 Moderate
8-11 Severe
>=12 Imminent respiratory failure
