Physical Education Flashcards
What is proprioception?
How the body senses the parts of itself (e.g. hands, feet, legs)
Why is it important for teachers to help strengthen body awareness?
Helps children maintain a sense of personal boundaries, develop patterns of movement through space, understand the concept of shape, and sustain a sense of balance.
What are some exercises that help encourage children to become aware of their physical body?
Shape (“stand like a pole”), Balance (“balance on one foot”), Quality (“How fast or slow can you move?”), Space (“Run in a zigzag pattern without bumping into each other”), Exploring “make a bridge with a partner and then have a third person go under the bridge”)
Basic movement skills that are performed in different directions and at different speeds; dynamic movements that propel the body upward, forward, or backwards
Locomotor skills
What are some benefits of learning Jumping?
Muscle strength and agility; helps balance in landing; helps children create patterns (jumping like a kangaroo, a frog, and a rabbit); upper level grades can be used in combination with sports
A series of step-hops completed with alternate feet
Skipping
A forward directional movement. As the lead foot steps forward, the back foot steps up to meet the lead foot.
Galloping
How can galloping be taught?
Have the class hold hands and slide in a circle to a rhythmic beat. Shift this movement into having the children face the direction of the movement while continuing to slide.
Accompanied by movement on one side of the body. It is a one-count movement, as the leading foot steps to the side, the other foot quickly follows.
Sliding
Also referred to as ‘static movements’, they are passive movements performed while standing in place
Nonlocomotor skills
Examples of nonlocomotor skills
twisting, turning in place, bending, swaying, raising or lowering parts of the body, stretching in place.
Importance of nonlocomotor skills
Lead to effective body management such as body control, flexibility, and balance
Perhaps the most valuable of all nonlocomotor movements; all physical education activities should begin with this; it is necessary for maintaining and increasing flexibility
Stretching
The rotation of a body part around its own long axis, such as turning the head on its neck or wrapping the arms around the body; the focal point is on the space in which the body is moving
Twisting
A controlled, forceful action performed against an object; moves the body away from the object while applying force
Pushing
Complex motor patterns that are basic to specialized sports and are performed with some kind of object (e.g. a ball or bat)
Object manipulation skills
If children do not learn manipulation skills, they sometimes have difficulty developing ______________, (e.g. throwing or catching)
Mature patterns of movement
What are some object manipulation skills?
Throwing, catching, kicking, striking
Requires an object to be propelled into space.
Throwing
Primary school children need to proceed through preliminary stages of _______ (beanbags, etc), before entering the stages of throwing a ball with accuracy.
Tossing
Most children will develop a throwing skill pattern during grades _________.
Three to five.
Involves using the hands to stop and control a moving object.
Catching
Why is it more difficult for children to learn to catch than throw?
Tracking the object requires mature hand-eye coordination.
Early instruction for catching
Children are often afraid of getting hit; use beach balls, balloons, and fleece balls. As gross and fine motor skills develop, reduce the size of the ball. Use balls that bounce to teach rebound angles.
A striking action performed by the feet
Kicking
Types of kicking
Punt kicking, Place kicking, Soccer kicking
When an object is hit with an implement such as a bat, a racket, or the hand
Striking
Instruction for striking
Practice on stationary objects such as a t-ball
