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PD Pedia > Physical Diagnosis Pedia ME1 > Flashcards

Physical Diagnosis Pedia ME1 Flashcards

1
Q

What do you call the period from birth to 28days?

A

Neonatal Period

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2
Q

What is your assessment of a newborn with an APGAR score of 6?

A

nervous System Depression

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3
Q

A baby girl was born with a flaccid muscle tone, HR 60, irregular RR, and no response in irritability reflex . it was also observed that her extremities were blue in color and her body is pinkish in color. Based from the characteristics given, compute for the APGAR score and give its assessment.

A

0+1+1+0+1=3; severe depression

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4
Q

A newborn with an APGAR score of 3 requires _________________

A

immediate rescuscitation

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5
Q

What is the APGAR score of a newborn with an active movement, HR 80, strong RR, cries during the reflex irritability reflex and is pink in color for both the body and extremities? What is your assessment of the APGAR score?

A

2+1+2+2+2= 9 ; normal

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6
Q

What is/are the basis for the gestational age? This is also the basis in Ballard Scoring

A

neuromuscular signs and physical characteristics

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7
Q

Which gestational age is classified with a high risk for respiratory and cardiovascular complications?

A

Preterm

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8
Q

A baby boy born on the 38th week is on what gestational age?

A

Term

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9
Q

True or false: A baby born on the 42nd week is at high risk for perinatal mortality.

A

False

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10
Q

The newborn classification is based on what curve?

A

Intrauterine Growth Curve

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11
Q

What is the classification of a newborn who is post term with a weight of 6.6lbs?

A

AGA

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12
Q

A baby born at its 35th week and weighs 6.8lbs is under what classification?

A

LGA

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13
Q

What is another way of determining gestational age in weeks?

A

Ballard Scoring

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14
Q

TRUE or FALSE: In breech babies, both the hips and knees are flexed in utero.

A

TRUE

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15
Q

TRUE or FALSE: In Frank Breech babies, only the hips are flexed but the knees are extended in utero.

A

TRUE

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16
Q

TRUE or FALSE: Resting tremors by 4 days after birth is normal.

A

Answer: FALSE (suggests CNS disease)

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17
Q

What are the two common causes of CNS diseases in newborns?

A

Answer: Asphyxia and drug withdrawal

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18
Q

A newborn with a weight of 4.62lbs is under what bw classification?

A

Answer: low BW

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19
Q

What can the the newborn screening test diagnose?

A

Answer: inborn metabolism disorders

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20
Q

What are the components of the Intrauterine Growth Curve?

A

gestational age and birthweight

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21
Q

What age group is classified under early adolescence?

A

11-14yo

22
Q

Which stage in adolescence is most likely to experience rebellion?

A

MIDDLE (15-17yo)

23
Q

TRUE or FALSE: In interviewing an adolescent, it is important that a family member is present during the interview.

A

FALSE

24
Q

TRUE or FALSE: Always use a closed ended and straight to the point questions when interviewing adolescents.

A

FALSE

25
Q

“H” in HEEADSS stands for?

A

Home environment

26
Q

In “Forget” in the CRAFFT sequence, 2 or more yes answers suggests of what?

A

High risk of a substance-use disorder

27
Q

When is the best time to assess a newborn? This will be time that they will be more responsive.

A

1-2hrs after feeding

28
Q

What are the characteristics to be examined under the neuromuscular maturity?

A

Posture, square window, arm recoil, political angle, scarf sign, heel-to-ear

29
Q

What are the diseases that are tested in the Newborn Screening?

A

Hypothyroidism, CAH, G6PD Deficiency, PKU, Galactosemia, MSUD

30
Q

What period is from the 28th week of gestation through the 7th day

A

Perinatal Period

31
Q

Suggests of a congenital heart disease wherein there is cyanosis in the mucosa

A

Central Cyanosis

32
Q

Cyanosis type wherein there is cyanosis in the nail bed

A

Peripheral Cyanosis

33
Q

TRUE or FALSE: In somatic growth, height is measured in children 2 yrs and above.

A

TRUE

34
Q

TRUE or FALSE: In children below 2yrs old, standing height is measured.

A

FALSE (length is measured)

35
Q

Why is the common cause of apparent hypertension in children?

A

Anxiety or “white coat HPN”

36
Q

TRUE or FALSE: BP readings from the thigh are normally the same or lower than those from the upper arm.

A

FALSE
suspect coarcation of the aorta
BP reading from thigh must be 10mm/hg higher than upper arm

37
Q

Macrocephaly may be caused by what neurologic condition?

A

Hydrocephalus or subdural hematoma

38
Q

TRUE or FALSE: The anterior fontanels close first before the posterior fontanels.

A

FALSE
18mos-24mos - Ant Fontanelle
2mos - Post Fontanels

39
Q

What is the method that is used to measure the systolic BP in infants?

A

Doppler Method

40
Q

In what condition causes the complexion of an infant to be “ruddy” or reddish-prurple in color?

A

Polycythemia

41
Q

Cutis marmorata is prominent in premature infants with __________ (genetic abnormality; cite 2)

A

Congenital hyperthyroidism or Down Syndrome

42
Q

What may be the cause of jaundice from within 24hrs in a newborn?

A

Hemolytic Disease of a Newborn

43
Q

What are the 4 common dermatologic conditions in a newborn?

A

Miliara rubra, erythema toxicum, pustular melanosis, and milia (refer to pg 786 & 787 of Bates)

44
Q

What is The ratio of a newborn’s head to its body length? To its body weight?

A

Head is one fourth of the body lenght and one third of the body weight

45
Q

What do you note for a positive Chvostek’s sign?

A

Facial grimacing

46
Q

What is the visual acuity of a 12mo old baby?

A

20/50

47
Q

What do you call an area in the iris with a ring of white specks? What do these spots suggest?

A

Brushfield’s Spots; may suggest Down Syndrome

48
Q

Define acoustic blink reflex

A

Blinking of the infant’s eye in response to a sudden sharp sound

49
Q

TRUE or FALSE. Normal infants have a shrill, or high-pitched cry.

A

FALSE. Suggests increases ICP

50
Q

Compute for the weight of an 8month old baby.

A

Weight = age (mos) x 500 + BW
= 8 x 500 + 3000g
Weight = 7000g / 7kgs

51
Q

What is the weight of a 2mo old infant?

A

Weight = age in mos x 600 + BW
= 2 x 600 + 3kgs
Weight = 4.2kgs

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