Physical Devopment Flashcards
What is the definition of gross motor skill’
The movement of larger muscles
Definition of locomotion
The movement of one place to another
When do infants master the pincer grasp
15 months
Name 3 reflex’s
Mono , rooting, stepping
What happens to the dexterity in early childhood
Dexterity increases meaning that children are able to make precise movements
Name a fine motor skill that is achieved in early childhood
Being able to dress and undress on their own
Name a gross motor skill that is achieved at 3 years
Able to use pedals to ride a tricycle
When is the transitional period
Adolescences
What is the change from child to adult called
Maturation
Name a factor that affect when puberty occurs
Prolonged stress
What gland release hormones that stimulate the ovaries in girls and testes in boy producing sex hormones?
Pituitary gland
What does LH stand for
Luteinising hormones
What does FSH stand for ?
Follicle- stimulating hormones
What are hormones?
Chemical substance produced in the body and transported in the blood stream that control and regulate cell and body organs
What is the sex hormones for boys?
Testosterone
What is the sex hormone for girls?
Oestrogen
What does LH stimulus in boys ?
Production of testosterone in the testes
What does FSH do in boys ?
It supports sperm production in the testes
What does LH do for girls ?
Trigger ovulation and production of progesterone
What does FSH do in girls ?
Promotes the growth of ovarian follicles which contain the egged and helps regulate the menstrual cycle
What is the pituitary gland ?
A small structure at the base of the brain which releases a wide variety of hormones that control the activity of the body’s other hormone glands
What is meant by primary sexual characteristics?
Present at birth and develop during puberty
What is meant by a secondary sexual characteristics?
Develop during puberty
Example of a primary sexual characteristics in boys and girls
Boys : enlargement of penis and testes
Girls: uterus enlarges and vagina lengthens ovaries begin to release eggs
Example of secondary sexual characteristics of boys and girls
Boys: hair grows in armpits, public area and facial hair
Girls : enlargement of breast and areola ( around the nipple) swells and darkens
What physical peak occurs in early adulthood, and at what age range is this typically observed?
19 - 28 ages
What factors contribute to the gradual decline in physical capabilities after early adulthood?
Our body naturally slows down, muscles and bones weaken over time
What is perimenopause?
Perimenopause is the transition phase before menopause, typically starting in a woman’s 40s but sometimes earlier. It lasts around 4 years on average, though it can be shorter or longer. During this time, hormone levels fluctuate
What are the symptoms for reduced oestrogen?
Hot flashes / night sweats , mood swings, loss of libido , vaginal dryness, fatigue, irregular or very heavy periods, trouble sleeping, urine leaking when coughing/ sneezing, urine urgency
Why does men stay fertile longer than women?
As women are born with their eggs ( unable to produce more) while men produce sperm ( they are able to generate new sperm )
What is menopause, and at what age range does it typically occur in women?
Menopause is when a woman’s periods stop permanently, ending her reproductive years. It usually happens between ages 45 and 55, with the average around 51.
What does menopause involve
• Hot flashes and night sweats
• Mood changes
• Sleep problems
• Vaginal dryness
• Decreased sex drive
Explain the process of height loss in later adulthood
It relates to aging changes in the bones, muscles and joints several things causes height loss . Gel-like disks between the vertebrae in the spine dry out , pressure on the spine as it holds us upright impact the disc between vertebrae and shortens the space between vertebrae
Example of later adulthood physical deterioration
- Joint pain (arthritis)
- Memory loss or slower thinking
- Thinner, drier skin
- Weaker immune system
- Hearing loss
- Vision problems
- Heart and circulation issues
- Easier weight gain
