Physical assessment exam 3

Question 1

Blood counts:

-Variation in normal range due to age?

Answer 1

Young children have
high Lymphocytes
low Neutrophils

Question 2

MCV

Answer 2

Mean corpuscular volume

• Avg Size of the RBC
• -helps define macro, normo, or micro anemias

Question 3

MCH

Answer 3

Mean Corpuscular Hemoglobin

• Avg weight of Hb in the RBC
• -Seen in Hypochromic (hypochromia) Anemia

Question 4

MCHC

Answer 4

Mean Corpuscular Hemoglobin Concentration

• Hb concentration
• -ALWAYS Low if Hypochromic anemia

*only HIGH in Hereditary spherocytosis

Question 5

RDW

Answer 5

RBC Distribution Width

-RANGE of the RBCs (normal RBCs are very similar)

Question 6

Macrocytic Anemia

• Hb/Hematocrit
• RBC
• MCV
• MCH
• MCHC

Answer 6

Microcytic Anemia

• Hb/Hematocrit- less
• RBC - less
• MCV - more
• MCH - more
• MCHC - normal

Question 7

Causes of Macrocytic anemia

Causes (2)

Answer 7

Folate and B12 deficiency

Question 8

Microcytic Hypochromic Anemia

• Hb/Hematocrit
• RBC
• MCV
• MCH
• MCHC

Answer 8

Microcytic Anemia

• Hb/Hematocrit - less
• RBC - NORMAL
• MCV - less
• MCH- less
• MCHC - less

Question 9

Microcytic Hypochromic anemia caused by (3)

Answer 9

Microcytic Hypochromic anemia

• Iron deficiency
• Thalassemia
• Chronic causes (uremia, Rheumatoid, infection)

Question 10

Aniso
Poikilo
Hypochromia
Polychromasia

Answer 10

Size
Shape
pale
Blue

Question 11

Normocytic Anemia

• Hb/Hematocrit
• RBC
• MCV
• MCH
• MCHC

Answer 11

Normocytic Anemia

• Hb/Hematocrit - less
• RBC - less
• MCV - NORMAL
• MCH - NORMAL
• MCHC - NORMAL

Question 12

PHYSIOLOGIC REASONS for Leukocytosis (3)

Answer 12

Exercise
Stress (Emotions)
COLD (not virus)

Question 13

Types of Pathologic Leukocytosis (5)

Answer 13

Neutrophilic
Eosinophilia
Lymphocytosis
Monocytosis
Basophilia

Question 14

of WBC for Leukocytosis

Answer 14

10,000 or more in mm3

Question 15

of WBC for Neutrophilic Leukocytosis

Answer 15

6,000 or more in mm3

Question 16

1 cause of Nphil Leukocytosis

Answer 16

Bacterial infection

Question 17

Reasons for Eosinophilia (3)

Answer 17

Eosinophilic syndrome (a PRIMARY cause)

Allergic reactions (secondary)
parasitic infection (secondary)

Question 18

Causes of lymphocytosis (2)

Answer 18

LEUKEMIA
Viral infections (mononucleosis and hepatitis)

Question 19

causes of Monocytosis (2)

Answer 19

Cancers

autoimmunity

Question 20

causes of Basophilia

Answer 20

Myeloproliferative disorders: CML

CML: Chronic myelogenous Leukemia

Question 21

Causes of Neutropenia (Pathologic) (4)

Answer 21

Viral infections
HUGE Bacterial infections
Meds
Radiation

Question 22

Causes of Lymphopenia (4)

Answer 22

Chemo
Radiation
Aplastic anemia
Cancer

Question 23

Keys for further inspection for potential bleeder using med history (6)

Answer 23

• Relatives
• Post op bleeders
• Excessive post trauma bleeders
• Anticoagulative drugs
• Antiplatelet drugs
• Secondary drug side effects

Question 24

Tests used to find bleeders (6)

Answer 24

INR (coumadin only)
PFA 
PT
PTT
Platelet count
(CBC)

Question 25

Physical and oral cavity findings indicating possible bleeders (4)

Answer 25

Petechiae Ecchymoses Hematomas Gingival bleeding (idiopathic)

Question 26

Acquired diseases causing bleeding disorders (5)

Answer 26

- Liver - Leukemia - Uremia (severe Renal disease) - SLE - ?Malabsorption-syndrome?

Question 27

Drugs that INDUCE Thrombocytopenia as side effect (4)

Answer 27

Furosemide-Water pill NSAIDS Antibiotics GOLD (arthritic treatment)

Question 28

Hemophilia B

Answer 28

Christmas factor loss | FACTOR 9

Question 29

Hemophilia A

Answer 29

"classic hemophilia" | FACTOR 8

Question 30

Another factor causing hemophilia

Answer 30

Factor 11

Question 31

von Willebrand disease effects what FACTOR and what other problem

Answer 31

Factor 8! AND causes abnormal platelet function

Question 32

Affected by coumadin? Which factors (4)

Answer 32

2 7 9 10

Question 33

Intrinsic Factors (4)

Answer 33

8 9 11 12

Question 34

Extrinsic Factors (2)

Answer 34

TPA / Factor 3 Tissue Thromboplastin 7

Question 35

******Mark book for PT PTT INR PFA Platelet count etc

Answer 35

BBBBB