Physical Appearances of Nutrient Deficiencies Flashcards
Niacin and Tryptophan deficiency
Pellagra dermatitis
Pellagra
Diarrhea, Dermatitis, Dementia, Death
Vitamin C deficiency
perfifollicular petechiae (minute hemorrhagic spots in the skin), hemorrhage, impaired wound healing, tiny dark spots
Zinc deficiency
scaly, erythematous rash about mouth and chin, on nasolabial folds & palm of hands, chin
Vitamin B6 deficiency
greasy dermatitis, skin looks a bit greasy
Vitamin A deficiency
hyperkeratosis, xerophthalmia, night blindness, photophobia, Bitot’s spot, corneal ulceration, scarring
Vitamin A toxicity
yellow skin colouration, alopecia (baldness)
Vitamin K deficiency
easy skin bruising
Essential Fatty Acid (EFA) deficiency
dry flaky skin
protein energy malnutrition (PEM)
depigmentation, ridged nail beds, discoloured hair, dull and easily pluckable
iron, folate and/or vitamin B12 deficiency
pallor (resulting from anemia), in dark skinned people you can see white under eyes, atrophic lingual papillae
iron or chromium deficiency
nail clubbing - cannot use clubbing for cystic fibrosis patients b/c they are on O2 so they are not getting O2 to the nails, also see koilonychia (thin, concave nails with raised edges, spoon-shaped nails
signs of malnutrition
fat loss around the eye and temporal region
Biotin deficiency
Alopecia (baldness)
Thiamine deficiency
Nystagmus: rhythmic oscillation of the eyeballs, pendular or jerky, deficit of lateral gaze
