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Foothill College > Physical Anthropology - Foothill College (Prof. Connell) > Flashcards

Physical Anthropology - Foothill College (Prof. Connell) Flashcards

1
Q

Anthropology

A

the study of human-kind from all people at all times

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2
Q

Cultural Anthropology

A

the study of modern human societies through the analysis of origins, evolution, and variation of culture

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3
Q

Archaeology

A

the study of pre-historic human populations through the analysis of material remains

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4
Q

Linguistic Anthropology

A

the study of the construction, use, and form of langue in human populations

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5
Q

Physical (Biological) Anthropology

A

the study of the evolution, variation, and adaption of humans and their past and present relatives

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6
Q

Culture

A

Learned behavior that is transmitted from person to person

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6
Q

Artifacts

A

material objects from past cultures

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7
Q

Language

A

a set of written or spoken symbols that refer to things other than themselves

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7
Q

Sociolinguistics

A

the science of investigating languages in social contexts

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8
Q

Forensic Anthropology

A

the scientific examination of skeletons in hopes of identifying the people who’s bodies they came from
(specialty within physical anthropology)

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9
Q

Biocultural Approach

A

the scientific study of interrelationships between what humans have inherited genetically and culture

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10
Q

Hominin

A

humans and human like ancestors

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11
Q

Genome

A

the complete set of genetic information - chromosomal and mitochondrial DNA - for an organism or species that represents all of the inheritable traits

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12
Q

Primates

A

a group of mammals in the order primates that have complex behavior, varied forms of locomotion, and unique suite of traits, including large brains, forward, facing eyes, fingernails, and reduced snouts

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13
Q

6 Steps to Human Evolution where 1 is 6MYA and 6 is 11,000 years ago

A
  1. Bipedalism
  2. Non-honing chewing
  3. Material Culture
  4. Speech
  5. Hunting
  6. Domesticated Foods
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14
Q

Non-Honing Canine

A

upper canine that, as part of a non-honing chewing mechanism, is not sharpened against the lower third premolar

14
Q

Bipedalism

A

walking on 2 feet

15
Q

Material Culture

A

the part of culture that is expressed as objects that humans use to manipulate environments

16
Q

Social Learning

A

the capacity to learn from other humans, enabling the accumulation of knowledge across many generations

17
Q

Data

A

evidence gathered to help answer questions, solve problems, and fill gaps in scientific knowledge

18
Q

Hypotheses

A

testable statement that potentially explain specific phenomena observed in the natural world

19
Q

Empirical

A

verified through observation and expiriment

20
Q

Scientific Method

A

an empirical research method in which data are gathered from observations of phenomena, hypothesis are tested, and conclusions are drawn

21
Q

Theory

A

a set of hypotheses that have been rigorously tested and validated, leading to their acceptance as a explanation to a specific phenomena

22
Q

Anatomical

A

Pertaining to an organisms physical structure

23
Q

Arboreal

A

tree-dwelling; adapted to living in the trees

24
Q

Terrestrial

A

life forms that live on land verses in water or trees (applies to humans as well)

25
Q

Morphology

A

physical shape and apperence

26
Q

Scientific Law

A

a statement of fact describing natural phenomena

27
Q

Hypotheses _____ observation, _____ results of future investigation, and ______ by new evidence

A

explain; predict; can be refuted

28
Q

Charles R. Darwins original hypothesis

A

the origin of human bipedalism was linked to the shift from life in the trees to life on the ground

29
Q

True or False - Scientific truth always gets finalized into law

A

false - scientific truth seldom gets finalized into law

30
Q

Debitage

A

discarded pieces if rock that show no evidence of use

Foothill College (1 decks)

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