Physical Anthropology Flashcards
What is Bipedalism?
The trait of habitually walking on two legs
What is Natural Selection?
The process by which random evolutionary changes are selected for by nature in a consistent, orderly, non - random way
Descent with Modification
When parents have children, those children often look and behave slightly different from their parents and siblings. They descend from their parents with modifications. This happens because of random genetic mutations.
Common descent
Is the idea that all life on Earth is related. Common descent is the belief that we are all descended from a common ancestor.
Hominin
A human or a human ancestor
Fossil
Preserved remains of biological matter
Primatology
Study of Primates
Different indicators of bipedalism
S-shaped spine, a wide, flat pelvis; slanting thigh bone; a double arched foot; and a big toe in line with the heel.
Branches of physical anthropology
Paleoanthropology, Primatology, Human Variation
Paleoanthropology
It is the study of human ancestors based on evidence from the distant evolutionary past.
What does DNA evidence reveals about the Neanderthals
They interbreed with humans and that all populations except Africans have some Neanderthal genes.
Radiometric Dating
A process that is used to determine the age of an object, based on measuring the amount of radioactive material it has
Adaptation
A change or the process of change by which an organism or species becomes better suited to its environment:
forensic anthropology
Application of physical anthropology to legal cases, usually with a focus on the human skeleton
Charles Darwin
Theory of Evolution
- common decent
- natural selection
- heritability
- decent with modification
American Anthropological Association opinion on race
Race does not exist as a scientific category (it’s a social construct).