Physical and Chemical Change 2022 Flashcards
Physical Change
A change that happens with nothing new added
Expansion
Getting bigger, opposite of contraction
Contraction
Getting smaller, opposite of expansion
Melting
Going from solid to liquid, opposite of freezing. Uses the heat
Freezing
Going from liquid to solid, opposite of melting. Uses the cold
Evaporation/Vaporisation
Going from liquid to gas, opposite of condensation. Uses the heat
Condensation
Going from gas to liquid, opposite of evaporation. Uses the cold
Sublimation
Going from solid to gas, opposite of deposition. Uses the heat.
Deposition
Going from gas to solid, opposite of sublimation. Uses the cold
Physical properties
The characteristics used to describe a substance
Dissolving
A solvent becoming incorporated into a solute to become a solution
Solute
Able to dissolve solvents to become a solution
Solvent
Able to be dissolved by a solute to become a solution
Solution
A mixture of a solvent and a solute
Crystallisation
Transforming a solution into a solid
Chemical change
A change that happens when the original substance becomes a new substance
Precipitate
The solid that forms during a chemical change
Particle model
A representation of liquids, solids and gases
Properties
The characteristics of a substance. Can be physical or chemical
Chemical reaction
The process of rearranging in a substance to form different substances
Reactants
The starting substance in a chemical reaction
Products
The substance formed in a chemical reaction
Word equation
A chemical equation where chemicals are represented by their names
Combustion
Any chemical reaction where a substance burns in oxygen to produce light and heat
Photosynthesis
The chemical process in plants that convert carbon dioxide and water with energy from the sun into glucose and oxygen.
Glucose
A form of sugar that is produced in photosynthesis and used in respiration to produce energy
Chlorophyll
The pigment in plant leaves that make them green and that collects energy from the sun from photosynthesis
Respiration
A chemical reaction that occurs within living cells. in this reaction, glucose and oxygen are converted into water and carbon dioxide while releasing energy. The energy released can be used by living things to live, grow and move
Corrosion
When a metal reacts with chemicals in its environment
Chemical properties
The characteristics of a substance that determines how it reacts chemically with other substances
Assumptions of the particle model
- Particles are hard, incompressible and indivisible
- Particles are attracted to each other
- Particles are constantly moving
