Physical activity sport and society Flashcards
Physical Activity
Bodily movement produced by contraction of skeletal muscle that
increases energy expenditure above the resting (basal) level.
PHYSICAL ACTIVITY CONCEPTS
Exercise for
fitness, Recreational
activities, Sports, Games, Play, Household chores, Gardening, Active Transport, work
Physical Inactivity
refers to a lack of involvement in
physical activity during an individual’s leisure time.
Sedentary Behavior
is associated with sitting and lying down where energy expenditure is very low.
METs (metabolic equivalents)
METs (metabolic equivalents) are commonly used to express the intensity of
physical activities.
Play
An activity engaged in for
enjoyment and recreation.
Game
An activity one engages in for
amusement and played
according to rules.
Sport
Activities involving physical
exertion and skill, in which an
individual or team competes against
another or others for entertainment
Transportation
Travel from destination to another
by walking, cycling or other non
motorized modes of transportation
Chores
A routine task, typically carried
out around the household.
Exercise
Planned and structured physical
exertion designed to improve
health & fitness.
Recreation
Activities organized for intrinsic
rewards such as fun, relaxation
& social interactions.
Occupational
Physical activity as a result of work or school life.
Gardening/Household
Physical activity within the home, for example
household chores and gardening.
Active Transport
Physical activity as a result of moving from one place
to another.
Lesure
Physical activity as a result of moving from one place
to another.
Planned and incidental PA
Planned physical activity – activity that is structured and organised
* Incidental physical activity – activity that is completed as a result of daily activities
Sociocultural Variables
influences
Increased use of technology, labour saving devices, sedentary vs manual
labour occupations, changing cultural identity of a population which
influences stereotypes & perceptions of cultural ‘norms’
Historical
Social Family, peers, health professionals
Cultural Cultural norms & values
Include both natural & constructed environments – access to facilities,
Environmental opportunities to be active, aesthetics of the environment, safety, weather
Geographic Climate or season, urban, rural or remote location
Personal components Age, gender, cultural background, socio-economic status, self-efficacy, fitness
level, BMI
