Physical Flashcards
Which of the following best describes the term static? W) stationary X) low Y) constant Z) used
Stationary
What physical state of matter is intermediate between a solid and a gas?
Liquid
Mary tried to lift her couch by exerting 500 newtons of force but it doesn't budge. If the couch weighed 2000 newtons, how much work did she do? W) 0 X) 50 watts Y) 500 joules Z) 2000 joules Z)
W) 0
Jeff walks west in a straight path for 100 meters and the east in a straight path for 150 meters. What is the magnitude of his displacement?
50
What atomic particle balances the charge of protons to produce a neutral atom?
Electron
Isotopes of the same element are based on their different numbers of what atomic particle?
Neutrons
An ionic state of an atom of hydrogen would have how many protons?
1
What is the name for the biochemical process that converts grape juice into wine or soy beans into soy sauce?
Fermentation
What term do scientists use for the force of gravity acting on anything that has mass?
Weight
How many protons are present in a single helium nucleus?
2
What is the most common term for the energy an object has because of its position or configuration?
Potential
Which one of the four basic forces of the universe is most directly involved with maintaining the planets in their orbits?
Gravity
What is the most common term for ratio of the output force to the input force of a simple machine?
Mechanical advantage
Which of the following most directly contributes to the actual mechanical advantage always being less than the ideal mechanical advantage?
W) the basic design of any machine
X) friction
Y) how simple machines are designed
Z) the input distance always being less than the output distance
Y) friction
If a chimpanzee were to throw darts at a periodic table, he would most likely hit an element with which of the following characteristics? W) a naturally radioactive element X) a solid at room temperature Y) a gas at room temperature Z) a liquid at room temperature
X) a solid at room temperature
Which of following has the most inertia? W) 1 kilogram of iron X) 2 kilograms of flour Y) 5 newtons of iron Z) 4 kilograms of iron
Z) 4 kilograms of iron
Which of the following is true regarding mixing pigments?
W) violet is typically considered a primary color for pigments
X) only primary pigment colors can be mixed to give other colors
Y) as more pigments are mixed, the darker the resulting mixture becomes
Z) magenta and cyan are complementary pigment colors
Y) as more pigments are mixed, the darker the resulting mixture becomes
What color will a red colored object appear to a human if it is illuminated by a red light?
Red
What nucleon balances the charge of electrons to give an atom a neutral state?
Proton
Nitrogen has 7 protons. What is the atomic mass of its common isotope, rounded to the nearest whole number?
14
What is the mass, in grams to the nearest whole number, of one cubic centimeter of pure water at standard temperature and pressure?
1
Name all of the 3 following choices that a physicist would consider to be simple machines: bicycle, lever, ramp
Ramp
Which of the following best describes how the SI unit called the newton is derived?
W) product of force times time
X) the energy in one kilogram traveling at one meter per second
Y) the force needed to accelerate 1 kilogram at one meter per second squared
Z) the power need to accelerate 1 kilogram at one kilometers per hour
Y) the force needed to accelerate 1 kilogram at one meter per second squared
A car is traveling at a constant speed of 20 kilometers per hour on a long straight road. How many minutes will it take to travel a distance of 5 kilometers?
15
When using the periodic chart, what number gives the number of protons in a given element? W) period number X) group number Y) atomic number Z) average atomic mass
Y) atomic number
Which of the following is not true?
W) compounds have atoms from one or more elements
X) atoms can bond together to make molecules
Y) all helium atoms have one more proton than all hydrogen atoms
Z) all oxygen molecules have 8 neutrons
Z) all oxygen molecules have 8 neutrons
If the angle of incidence for a beam of light on a mirror is 27 degrees, what is the angle of reflection, in degrees?
27
Which of the following is true of gases? W) they have a definite shape X) they are highly compressible Y) they behave like a fluid Z) their particles are in uniform motion
X) they are highly compressible
Which of the following best explains why a concrete floor feels colder than a wood floor if they are both at 21 degrees celsius?
W) wood is not as dense as concrete
X) concrete conducts heat better than wood
Y) wood is alive and concrete is not
Z) concrete is much less elastic than wood
X) concrete conducts heat better than wood
Molasses flows more slowly than water. What is the most common scientific term for the ability of different substances to flow more or less freely?
Viscosity
An empty plastic soda bottle is closed tightly at an elevation of 10000 feet elevation and brought back to sea level. What is the visible condition of the bottle?
It is crushed
Name all of the following 3 choices that are physical properties of an element: length, mass, density
All
A screwdriver and a doorknob are considered variations of what simple machine?
Wheel and axle
Consider a lever with an ideal mechanical advantage of 8. What will its mechanical advantage be of the effort arm length is reduced by 1/2?
4
Which of the following will occur when an unbalanced force acts on an object? W) the object will stop X) the object will lose heat Y) the object will accelerate Z) the object will melt
Y) the object will accelerate
What is the acceleration, in kilometers per hour per second to the first decimal place, of a bird flying in a straight path from 0 to 50 kilometers per hour in 4 minutes and 10 seconds?
0.2
The exchange or sharing of what atomic particle is most directly involved in chemical bonding?
Electrons
How many valence electrons are in an oxygen atom, which resides in group 16 or 6A of the periodic table?
6
Consider a yo yo swinging on the end of a string in a uniform circular motion. What is the most accurate term for the center-seeking force exerted on the yo yo through the string?
Centripetal
What are the four basic forces of the universe?
Gravity, electromagnetism, strong force, weak force
Which of the following must be true for a tree that has doubled its mass over a 2 year growing period? W) it has doubled its volume X) it has doubled its number of atoms Y) it has doubled its inertia Z) it has doubled its density
Y) it has doubled its inertia
What is the ideal mechanical advantage of a ramp that is 24 meters long and 4 meters higher at one end versus the other?
6
Which one of newtons laws of motion most directly deals with the resistance of a body to change in its motion?
First law
Jerry has a mass of 100 kilograms. He runs with a velocity of .5 meters per second. Giving your answer in proper SI units, what is his momentum?
50 kilogram meters per second
The most useful unit of concentration in the chemistry lab is? W) mole fraction X) mass percent Y) normality Z) molarity
Z) molarity
Which of the following is not true of chemical reactions? W) they are always reversible X) energy is either absorbed or released Y) a new substance is formed Z) chemical bonds are broken and formed
W) they are always reversible
Which of the following is heterogenous mixture? W) 5% glucose solution X) rubbing alcohol Y) mixture of hydrogen and oxygen gases Z) concrete
Z) concrete
Which of the following would be the most logical instrument to use when a small amount of suspended particles must be separated from a liquid? W) ph meter X) centrifuge Y) spectrometer Z) tweezers
X) centrifuge
Ultrasonic sound frequencies are typically considered to be? W) above 20 hertz X) below 20 hertz Y) above 20 kilohertz Z) above 2000 hertz
W) above 20 hertz
In color synthesis using visible light, what is the most common term for colors produced by combining equal proportions of two primary colors?
Secondary
Which of the following is the most common electronic device used for storing electric energy in a process commonly called charging? W) capacitor X) transformer Y) rectifier Z) semiconductor
W) capacitor
What modern solid state electronic device is used as an amplifier in modern radios and, through its wide use as an electronic switch, is a basic component in modern logic circuit?
Transistor
Which of the following is an inverse for electrical resistance W) voltage X) conductivity Y) amperage Z) ohms
X) conductivity
Which of the following is the current carrier in a typical electrical conductor? W) free protons X) mobile electrons Y) stable atoms Z) hydrogen ions
X) mobile electrons
Nitrogen, sulfur, and selenium are all? W) metals X) nonmetals Y) metalloids Z) noble gases
X) nonmetals
How many carbons are in an ethanol molecule?
2
Which of the following is least accurate regarding most solids?
W) particles in a solid vibrate around fixed positions
X) particles in a solid that have no kinetic energy
Y) most solids are crystalline
Z) solids have definite melting points in their pure state
X) particles in a solid that have no kinetic energy
What’s the density, in grams per cubic centimeter, of a sample of plastic that floats with 45% of its volume in pure water?
.45
Ignoring the friction, what is the acceleration, in meters per second squared, when 1000 newtons of force are applied to move a 200 kilogram crate across a level floor?
5
A blimp or airship that uses helium as its lifting gas primarily controls its buoyancy by doing which of the following?
W) adding or removing small amounts of hydrogen gas because it is lighter than helium
X) heating or cooling the helium gas within the outside bladder of the blimp
Y) intaking or venting air
Z) producing or destroying helium gas
Y) intaking or venting air
Arrange the following 4 choices from the one with the lowest mass to the highest mass: virus, mouse spleen, mosquito, water molecule
Water molecule, virus, mosquito, mouse spleen
