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Phys110 > (Phys110) Exam 1 Flashcards > Flashcards

(Phys110) Exam 1 Flashcards

1
Q

what can be used to describe the motion of an object?

A

vectors (magnitude and direction)

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2
Q

displacement

A

how far something has travelled from the starting point to the ending point - summation of vectors

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3
Q

what are the steps to perform vector addition?

A

connect the tip of the first vector to the tail of the second, then draw an arrow from the tail of the first vector to the tip of the added vector

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4
Q

what are the steps to perform vector subtraction?

A

flip the “negative” vector 180 degrees, connect the tip of the first vector to the tail of the second, then draw an arrow from the tail of the first vector to the tip of the added vector

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5
Q

how do you know if a component of a vector is positive or negative?

A

look at which quadrant that the vector is pointing in the direction of

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6
Q

what is component form?

A

an equation of the components of a vector in i-hat and j-hat form

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7
Q

how can you find the components of a vector?

A

SOH-CAH-TOA or looking at the given coordinate system on the graph

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8
Q

what is SOH from SOH-CAH-TOA?

A

sin(theta)=opp/hyp

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9
Q

what is CAH from SOH-CAH-TOA?

A

cos(theta)=adj/hyp

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10
Q

what is TOA from SOH-CAH-TOA?

A

tan(theta)=opp/adj

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11
Q

what equation do you use to find the magnitude of a vector?

A

V=sqrt(Vx^2+Vy^2)

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12
Q

what is used to find the direction of a vector?

A

theta=tan^-1(|opp|/|adj|)

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13
Q

what is equilibrium?

A

a condition where the combination of all force vectors equals zero

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14
Q

when drawing a motion diagram, what should you draw and label?

A

acceleration vectors, velocity vectors, when an starts moving at a constant speed, four dots minimum

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15
Q

what is another word to describe smooth, frictionless, or coasting motion?

A

constant motion

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16
Q

what happens to velocity and acceleration when the object has a constant speed?

A

acceleration is zero, velocity stays the same for the duration of constant speed, the length of each velocity vector is equal

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17
Q

what direction do velocity and acceleration point when an object is speeding up?

A

velocity and acceleration vectors point in the same direction

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18
Q

what direction do velocity and acceleration point when an object is slowing down?

A

velocity and acceleration vectors point opposite of each other

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19
Q

how do you know if velocity is negative?

A

if the vectors point toward the left (negative x-axis) or down (negative y-axis)

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20
Q

how do you know if velocity is positive?

A

if the vectors point toward the right (positive x-axis) or up (positive y-axis)

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21
Q

how do you know if position is negative?

A

if the vectors are positioned to the left of the origin (negative x-axis) or below the origin (negative y-axis)

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22
Q

how do you know if position is positive?

A

if the vectors are positioned to the right of the origin (positive x-axis) or above the origin (positive y-axis)

23
Q

how do you know if acceleration is positive?

A

if the vectors point toward the right (positive x-axis) or up (positive y-axis)

24
Q

how do you know if acceleration is negative?

A

if the vectors point toward the left (negative x-axis) or down (negative y-axis)

25
Q

how do you find velocity from a position graph?

A

find the slope
v = (Xf - Xi) / (Tf - Ti)

26
Q

how do you find position from a velocity graph?

A

Sf = Si + (area under the curve)

27
Q

how do you find acceleration from a velocity graph?

A

find the slope
a = (Vf - Vi) / (Tf - Ti)

28
Q

when deriving a curvy-lined graph, what will the resulting graph look like?

A

pointy straight lined graph

29
Q

when deriving a pointy straight lined graph, what will the resulting graph look like?

A

horizontal straight lined graph with dotted lines indicating instantaneous change

30
Q

on a position vs. time graph how do you know if the object is slowing down?

A

when the graph approaches a stopping/turning point

31
Q

on a position vs. time graph how do you know if the object is speeding up?

A

when the graph passes a turning point

32
Q

on a position vs. time graph, what does a turning point/change in direction/stop?

A

when the slope is flat/horizontal/zero

33
Q

on a velocity vs. time graph, how do you know if an object slows down?

A

when the graph approaches the time axis (x-axis)

34
Q

on a velocity vs. time graph, how do you know if an object speeds up?

A

when the graph moves away from the time axis (x-axis)

35
Q

on a velocity vs. time graph, what does a turning point/change in direction look like?

A

when the graph reaches and passes the time axis (x-axis)

36
Q

on a velocity vs. time graph, what does a stopping point look like?

A

when the graph reaches the time axis and stays there (x-axis)

37
Q

how do you know if the velocity is negative on a position vs. time graph?

A

the slope on the position vs. time graph is negative

38
Q

what does the velocity graph look like if the velocity is negative?

A

it is under the time axis (x-axis)

39
Q

how do you know if the velocity is positive on a position vs. time graph?

A

the slope on the position vs. time graph is positive

40
Q

what does the velocity graph look like if the velocity is positive?

A

it is above the time axis (x-axis)

41
Q

what is the acceleration if you’re given an inclined plane?

A

acceleration is plus or minus gravity (9.8) multiplied by sin(theta)

42
Q

how can you obtain velocity if you’re given a position function/equation?

A

take the derivative of the position function/equation

43
Q

how can you obtain acceleration if you’re given a velocity function/equation?

A

take the derivative of the velocity function/equation

44
Q

in uniform circular motion, what happens to velocity and acceleration?

A

the velocity is the same/constant and acceleration is not zero

45
Q

what is the parallel component of acceleration?

A

speeds the object up or slows it down

46
Q

what is the perpendicular component of acceleration?

A

changes the objects direction

47
Q

what links x and y component kinematic equations?

A

time

48
Q

in projectile motion, what is x-direction acceleration?

A

zero

49
Q

in projectile motion, what is y-direction acceleration?

A

plus or minus gravity (9.8)

50
Q

when can you use the range equation?

A

when (delta)-y is zero/when the object is launched from some height and lands at that same height

51
Q

when can you use the total flight time equation?

A

when (delta)-y is zero/when the object is launched from some height and lands at that same height

52
Q

when can you use the max height equation?

A

when the object flies for at least half of the total flight time

53
Q

does mass matter in projectile motion problems?

A

no cause there’s no mass in any of the given equations

Phys110 (4 decks)

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