Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Physiology Final > Phys Final > Flashcards

Phys Final Flashcards

1
Q

Hydrogen

A

Weakest molecule

Doesn’t form new molecules

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

H2O

A

High heat capacity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Enzyme controlled reaction

A

Not Substrate

Not Converted to product

Can only be used once-incorrect

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Arterial

A

Higher pH than Venous

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Bicarbonate

A

HCO3

Buffer outside

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Respiratory acidosis

A

Carbonic acid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

No carbonic acid

A

Metabolic acidosis

Metabolic alkalosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Carbohydrate

A

Form polymers

Function as enzymes

Names and with -ose

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Sucrose

A

Glucose and fructose linked together

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Glucose

A

6 carbon sugar

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Saturated fat

A

Unhealthy fat

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Fatty acid

A

Produces triglycerides

          Saturated fat

          Unsaturated fat
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Chylomicron

A

Exit the cells of your small intestine and enter bloodstream

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

LDL and HDL

A

Both produced in liver from F.A

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Nucleic acids

A

Energy storing and transferring

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Nucleotides

A

Phosphate

Carbohydrate

Base; functional part with nitrogen

No glycerol

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Essentiality

A

Only get essential A.A through diet

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Tertiary

A

When proteins denature

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Fibrous protein function

A

Does not easily denature

Function best at muscle contraction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Enzymes

A

Never force 2 molecules to react that do not normally react in nature

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Substrate

A

The chemical/molecule that will be changed by an enzyme

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Carboxylase

A

Add CO2 to organic molecules

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Dehydrogenase

A

Removes hydrogen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Reductase

A

Adds something to a molecule, changes the charge

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

Endergonic reactions

A

Require an input of energy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

Apoenzyme

A

Not yet active

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

Coenzyme

A

Organic compound, the vitamins

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

Zymogens

A

Inactive enzyme, not fully constructed

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

Chaperonin

A

Proteins that can re-nature a denatured enzyme

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

Affinity

A

The degree of attraction between an enzyme and its substrate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

Allosteric

A

Not attached to binding site, but can still block function

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

Cyanide

A

Interfere with ATP production in all cells of the body

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

Regulation

A

Does not referred to correct sequence

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

Cell housekeeping function

A

Organelle function

Membrane function

Cell metabolism/respiration

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

Cutaneous membrane

A

Has Dead layer

Keratin fibers

waterproof skin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
36
Q

Internal environment

A

Interstitial fluid(ISF)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
37
Q

Stimulus

A

Any change in internal environment that can be detected

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
38
Q

Sensory receptor

A

Convert changes in internal environment into electrical signals

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
39
Q

Set point

A

Don’t stay the same, never a fixed point

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
40
Q

Acclimation

A

Long-term change in the environment; changes set point

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
41
Q

Na+

A

140 meq/dL

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
42
Q

Chemical messenger

A

Nervous system and endocrine system have chemical messengers

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
43
Q

Endocrine system

A

Controls activities that require long duration rather than speed

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
44
Q

Effectors

A

Reverse changes in the internal environment

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
45
Q

Intrinsic control

A

In organs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
46
Q

Antagonist(negative feedback arc)

A

Block or inhibit function

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
47
Q

Feedback inhibition

A

Stopping or reducing the output of a single biochemical pathway

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
48
Q

Feed forward

A

Effector begins to change an internal environment before there’s any change in the external environment

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
49
Q

Metabolic imbalances

A

Absence of nonfunctioning enzyme

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
50
Q

Genetic imbalances

A

Inability to maintain genetic info

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
51
Q

Immune Imbalances

A

Immuno deficiency, allergies

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
52
Q

Epithelium

A

Most likely to become cancerous

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
53
Q

Parenchyma

A

Functional tissue of an organ

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
54
Q

Atrophy

A

Decrease in Cell size

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
55
Q

Hyperplasia

A

Increase in cell number

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
56
Q

Metaplasia

A

Pathological increase in the number of well organized cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
57
Q

High anaplasia

A

Undifferentiated, not specialized

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
58
Q

Benign

A

Non-life-threatening

Don’t exhibit necrosis or angiogenesis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
59
Q

Malignant

A

Life-threatening

Destruction of normal neighboring cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
60
Q

Sarcoma

A

Come from connective tissue

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
61
Q

Carcinoma in situ

A

Has not broken through the basement membrane

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
62
Q

Blood capillaries

A

Pathway for sarcomas

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
63
Q

Lymph capillaries

A

Pathway for carcinomas

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
64
Q

Metastatic tumor pathway

A

G.I. tract is not a pathway for a metastatic tumor

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
65
Q

Proto-Oncogenes

A

Normal cell division

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
66
Q

Oncogenes

A

Abnormal cell division

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
67
Q

Tumor suppressor genes

A

DNA repair

Trigger apoptosis

Inheritance

(All of the above=answer)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
68
Q

Destruction of normal neighboring cells

A

Malignant

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
69
Q

Pathological cell death

A

Identified by swelling and eventual rupture of cell

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
70
Q

Hydrophilic end

A

Glycerol end with phosphate attached, attracted to H2O

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
71
Q

Freely permeable

A

Small nonpolar molecules, CO2, 02, H2O

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
72
Q

Lipophilic messenger

A

Receptors for these are inside Cell, primary messenger

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
73
Q

Antagonist

A

Attaches to a receptor, blocks/inhibits an effect

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
74
Q

Diffusion

A

Eliminate concentration gradients

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
75
Q

Temperature

A

The higher the temperature the faster diffusion occurs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
76
Q

Distance

A

The shorter the distance substances have to cross the faster diffusion occurs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
77
Q

Surface area

A

The greater the surface area, the faster diffusion will occur

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
78
Q

Hydrostatic pressure

A

Pushes fluid out of an organ or vessel

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
79
Q

Osmosis

A

The diffusion of H2O through a semi permeable membrane

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
80
Q

Osmotically active particles

A

Particles that can’t pass through cell membrane

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
81
Q

Hypertonic solution

A

Cause the cell to shrivel

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
82
Q

Gates

A

Highly specific, normally closed, have to be stimulated to open

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
83
Q

Active transporters

A

Pump substances against their concentration gradient

     Uniport

     Symport

     Antiport
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
84
Q

Antiport

A

Move 2 different substances in opposite directions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
85
Q

Glycolysis

A

Is reversible

Anaerobic

Occurs in cytoplasm

H2O waste product

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
86
Q

Cori cycle

A

Lactic acid is converted back to glucose

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
87
Q

Transition

A

AcetylcoA: 3 carbon pyruvate converted to 2 carbon sugar

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
88
Q

TCA cycle (Krebs)

A

Produces 2 ATP

CO2 waste product

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
89
Q

ETS

A

Only aerobic step

H2O waste product

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
90
Q

Cell respiration

A

Glucose oxidized: energy in just 1 glucose, more in 1 glucose molecule than 38 ATP

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
91
Q

Introns

A

Non-coding regions that will be spliced out

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
92
Q

Codons

A

Carry info for 1 A.A

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
93
Q

rRNA (RNAP1)

A

Form peptide bonds

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
94
Q

tRNA (RNAP III)

A

Carry individual A.A

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
95
Q

Anti-codon

A

Carried by tRNA

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
96
Q

Semi conservative (S phase)

A

Not due to many origins

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
97
Q

Origin of replication (S phase)

A

Many of these points along DNA

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
98
Q

G2-Quality phase

A

Where DNA is checked for errors

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
99
Q

Prometaphase

A

Spindle fibers begin to grow

Nucleus is disassembled and taken away from view

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
100
Q

Interpolar spindles (anaphase-b)

A

Push chromatids apart

101
Q

Astral spindles (anaphase b)

A

Pulling chromatids apart

102
Q

Cyclin A

A

Speeds cell passage through S phase only

103
Q

Apoptosis->Intrinsic

A

Not attached to death receptor

104
Q

PNS

A

Come from crest cells

105
Q

Voltage gated channels

A

Regenerate electrical signals

Allow Na+ to flow into cell

Are not found on dendrites

106
Q

Saltatory conduction

A

Not faster in myelinated neurons

107
Q

K+

A

ECF: 5mEq

ICF: 150mEq

108
Q

Depolarization

A

During rising phase there is less K+ inside cell

109
Q

Repolarization

A

Diffusion of K+ ions out of neuron

110
Q

RMP

A

K+ can move out of Cell and maintain RMP

111
Q

Na+/K+ pump

A

Going to pump out Na+ and bring back K+

112
Q

Action potential

A

Has absolute refractory period

Only occurs along axon

Has all or none characteristics

113
Q

Relative refractory period

A

Occurs during the undershoot, not between rising and falling phase

114
Q

Unmyelinated axons

A

APs travel much slower

115
Q

AP coding info

A

Intensity is coded by frequency of AP

116
Q

Monoamine oxidase

A

Enzyme that deactivates dopamine

117
Q

Acetylcholine (AchE)

A

Does not attach to nicotinic receptors when the parasympathetic nervous system is active

118
Q

Beta 1

A

Increases HR

119
Q

Histamine (HMT)

A

Affects wakefulness

120
Q

Excitatory potential

A

Chemically gated Na+ channels

121
Q

Inhibitory potential

A

Caused by inflow of chlorine ions and outflow of K+

122
Q

Graded potentials

A

Travel short distances

May lead to AP at Hillock

Summate into larger or smaller signals

123
Q

Threshold

A

The minimum level of excitement needed to start and AP on an axon, not peak

124
Q

Brain metabolism

A

Requires continuous amount of O2

Does not use lipids as fuel source

Does not use insulin to obtain glucose

125
Q

Procedural memory

A

Memory for learned skills

126
Q

Semantic memory

A

Memory about facts

127
Q

Episodic memory

A

Entirely autobiographical information

128
Q

Anterior cingulate gyrus

A

Associated with resolving conflicts

129
Q

hippocampus

A

Helps to convert STM to LTM

130
Q

Cerebrocerebellum

A

Stores procedural long-term memories

131
Q

Baroreceptor

A

Respond to stretching of blood vessels during changes in BP

132
Q

Phasic receptors

A

Stop working soon after stimulus detected

133
Q

Receptor potential

A

Varies directly with the size of the stimulus, only occur on dendrites

134
Q

Neuropathic pain

A

Triggered by damage to a nerve not tissue

135
Q

Bradykinin

A

Lower pain

136
Q

Slow pain

A

Not easily localized

137
Q

Referred pain

A

Disconnected from point of origin, being referred to distant parts of body

138
Q

Dermatomes

A

Region of body served/supplied by specific spinal nerve, answer is false

139
Q

Bitter

A

Respond to alkaline substances

140
Q

Amplify sound

A

Pinna

Tympanum

Auditory ossicles

141
Q

Outer hair cells

A

Play a role in amplifying sound

142
Q

Tectorial membrane

A

Plays no role in hearing

143
Q

High-pitched sounds

A

Detected at base of cochlea

144
Q

Medulla

A

Only function is to determine location of sound

145
Q

Vestibular complex

A

Stabilizes eyes

Detects motion of head

Maintains upright position

146
Q

utricle

A

Detects horizontal movement

147
Q

Saccule

A

Detects vertical movement

148
Q

Focus light

A

Cornea

Aqueous humor

Lens

Vitreous humor

149
Q

Distant vision

A

Sympathetic nervous system is active

150
Q

Pupil constricts

A

When the parasympathetic nervous system is active

151
Q

Rods

A

Provides less acuity than cones

152
Q

Light reaction (daylight)

A

Retina is in straight position

153
Q

Light adaption

A

There’s a 60 second delay to Cone function

154
Q

False positive

A

Stimulus absent; reported present

155
Q

Steroid based hormone

A

A peptide based hormone

156
Q

Tropic hormone

A

Stimulate another endocrine gland to release hormones

157
Q

Prohormone

A

Processed hormone released into bloodstream but is not yet active

158
Q

Permissiveness

A

When one hormone must be present for a second hormone to produce it’s effect

159
Q

Affinity

A

The higher the affinity; the less likely to target cell

160
Q

Glycogenesis

A

When glucose molecules are being linked together to make glycogen

161
Q

Catabolic metabolism

A

Glycolysis

Glycogenolysis

Lipolysis

Proteolysis

162
Q

Essential hormones to life

A

Insulin

Cortisol

Aldosterone

Parathyroid hormone

163
Q

Indirect effects ( IGF 1)

A

Increases proteogenesis

Stimulate growth of skin and connective tissue

164
Q

T4 &T3

A

T4: largely inactive

T3: Active version of hormone

165
Q

PTH

A

Stimulate osteoclasts

Increase intestinal absorption of Ca+

Increase renal absorption of Ca+ from urine

166
Q

Ca+

A

Needed for blood clotting

Hormone release

167
Q

Aldosterone

A

Causes kidneys to reabsorb Ca+

168
Q

ACTH

A

Stimulates release of cortisol

169
Q

Cortisol

A

Adaption to stress

    Increases lipolysis
    Increases proteolysis
    Increases hepatic Gluconeogenesis
    Increases BP
170
Q

Resistance phase

A

Cortisol released

171
Q

Effects of insulin

A

Fed state

Increases glycogenesis

Increases lipogenesis

Increases proteogenesis

172
Q

GLUT 3

A

Found only on neurons

173
Q

GLUT 1,2,3

A

Always present on cell

174
Q

Insulin

A

Only exclusively anabolic hormone

175
Q

Glucagon

A

Liver and adipose primary targets

176
Q

Premotor cortex

A

Constructs outline/plan for what you’re going to do

177
Q

Basal nucleus

A

Initiates behavior, suppresses unnecessary/unwanted behavior

178
Q

Flaccid paralysis

A

Lower/alpha motor neuron

179
Q

Insertion

A

Point of attachment that moves/slides

180
Q

EPP

A

Always strong enough to bring the sarcolemma to threshold and start an AP

181
Q

AchE

A

Stops the muscle from contracting

182
Q

Terminal buttons

A

Ach released

183
Q

Motor end plate

A

Contains many more Ach receptors

184
Q

Dihydropyridine channel

A

Located on T tubules

185
Q

Cisterns (lateral sacs)

A

Will release Ca+

186
Q

Active sites

A

Become available for Crossbridge attachment after Ca+ binds to troponin

187
Q

Myosin heads

A

Unattached studs on myosin filaments

188
Q

Tiring

A

Enables a muscle cell to be stretched

189
Q

Troponin

A

Does not bind with Myosin head during Pivot

190
Q

Relaxation

A

The only place ATP is being split and used, prior to myosin head attachment

191
Q

Myosin head attachment

A

Function as ATPase enzymes

192
Q

Rigor mortis

A

Do to release of calcium

193
Q

Excitation contraction coupling

A

An AP and sliding of Actin

194
Q

Latent period

A

Time between the release of ACH and contraction of muscle cell

195
Q

Cell all or none principle

A

When a skeletal muscle cell contracts contracts completely

196
Q

Myoglobin

A

Responsible for getting 02 to muscle

197
Q

Substained submaximal use of muscle cells

A

Does not lead to increase of mass

198
Q

Aerobic fatigue

A

Resource depletion: run out of glucose or fat

Accumulation of extracellular K+

199
Q

Longitudinal layer

A

When it contracts, it will cause a tube to dilate or get larger

200
Q

Smooth muscle cells

A

Do you contain Actin

201
Q

Pulse pressure

A

DP +1/3(SP-DP)

202
Q

Peripheral resistance

A

Friction blood encounters

203
Q

Kidneys

A

Long-term control of BP

204
Q

MAP

A

Maintained by TPR and CO

205
Q

Chemoreceptors

A

Monitor CO2 levels

 Carotid bodies
 Aortic bodies
206
Q

CO

A

Regulated by both parasympathetic and sympathetic nervous system

207
Q

CVP

A

Decreased BP occurs directly when there is an increased CVP

208
Q

Endothelium

A

Secrete substances that stimulate new vessel growth

209
Q

Diastolic pressure

A

Ventricular diastolic pressure will drop to 0, arterial pressure only drops to 80

210
Q

Arterioles

A

Offer the highest amount of resistance to bloodflow

211
Q

Systemic arterioles

A

Therapeutic cold causes constriction

212
Q

Vasoactivoty

A

Norepinephrine: strongly affects blood vessel diameter

Epinephrine:primarily affects the heart, not blood vessels

213
Q

Kidneys

A

Decrease in blood flow during exercise

214
Q

GI Tract

A

Decrease in blood flow during exercise

215
Q

Collloid osmotic pressure

A

Pressure that pushes fluid back into a capillary

216
Q

Capillaries

A

No sympathetic or parasympathetic regulation

217
Q

Edema

A

Increases BP

Insufficient venous return

Increase ISF proteins

Lymph vessel blockage

218
Q

Chronic inflammation

A

Defense performed by monocytes (macrophages)

219
Q

Veins

A

Are volume reservoirs

220
Q

Change in CVP

A

Increases CO=increased cardiac index

221
Q

Lines of zahn

A

Alternating bands of platelets and RBCs

222
Q

Delayed hypersensitivity

A

Brought about by monocytes

223
Q

Av valves

A

Close when ventricles contract; open when ventricles relax

224
Q

Systemic circuit

A

Blood enter R atrium

225
Q

Systemic circuit

A

Receives less blood during HB than pulmonary circuit

226
Q

Arteries

A

Carry 02 poor, CO2 rich blood to the lungs

227
Q

Non-contractile cells

A

AP is carried out through Ca+ channels

228
Q

SV nodal cells

A

Pauses the electrical signal

229
Q

TQ interval

A

When the ventricles repolarize and fill with blood

230
Q

ST segment

A

Ventricular contraction only

231
Q

Sarcomeres

A

Shorten in cardiac muscle cells and skeletal muscle cells

232
Q

Phase 2-Ca+

A

Plateau occurs when Ca+ channels open and Ca+ flows into the cells, this prolongs AP

233
Q

Plateau

A

Prevents tetany

Prevents premature contractions

Prolongs the absolute refractory period

234
Q

Cardiac contraction

A

Cardiac muscle cells use both extracellular Ca+ and SR Ca+ to stimulate contraction

235
Q

Increased HR

A

Diastolic decreases

236
Q

Max HR

A

220-age

237
Q

Diastole

A

When the heart is relaxing and refilling with blood, pressure the lowest

238
Q

HS 2

A

Blood hitting closed semilunar valve

239
Q

Ventricular systole

A

AV valves close

240
Q

EDV

A

Max amount ventricles can hold

241
Q

Isovolumetric contraction

A

No blood can get in or out of ventricles

242
Q

CO

A

CO= HR X SV

243
Q

SV

A

Amount of blood pumped by ventricle during each contraction

244
Q

Cardiac index

A

Relationship of CO + BSA

245
Q

After-load

A

Amount of blood in your arteries

246
Q

Starlings law

A

CO: more blood in the heart means more blood out of the heart

247
Q

inotropic

A

Alters the force of contraction

248
Q

Parasympathetic nervous system

A

Has no affect on the force of contraction

Physiology Final (1 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions