phys dis module 6

Question 1

No know caused may be localized or generalized  DIP and first CMC joints most often involved  Incidence increases with age

Answer 1

Primary OA-

Question 2

 Has identifiable cause such as trauma  Any age

Answer 2

 Secondary OA-

Question 3

Defined as a gradual loss of articular cartilage due to degenerative joint disease and chemical factors

Answer 3

OA

Question 4

Commonly effected joints include  Hip, knee, IP jts, CMC jt and spine

Answer 4

OA

Question 5

Two part process  Deterioration of articular cartilage  Reactive bone formation (osteophyte formation)

Answer 5

OA

Question 6

Heberden’s nodes

Answer 6

(DIP jts)

Question 7

Bouchard’s nodes

Answer 7

(PIP jts)

Question 8

CMC jt commonly effected  Characterized by thumb adduction and subluxation from the trapezium, MP hyperextension, IP joint flexion

Answer 8

OA

Question 9

OT Treatment for OA

Answer 9

Patient Education  Weight management  Joint protection techniques  Adaptive equipment  Environmental modifications  Energy conservatio

Question 10

Joint protection techniques

Answer 10

 Respect pain  Minimize force and load on joints  Balance rest and activity  Use larger, stronger joints  Good body mechanics  Avoid positions of deformity  Decrease effort and resistance  Maintain ROM

Question 11

OT interventions

Answer 11

 Modalities (PAMs)- depending on your state and facility  Pain-free ROM  AROM exercises  Isometric strengthening  General conditioning  Avoid pinch strengthening  Splinting  Thumb – Short opponens splint  Custom, prefab, neoprene

Question 12

OA Surgical Treatment

Answer 12

 Joint replacements  Hip (THR)  Knee (TKR)  Shoulder (Total shoulder, Reverse Total shoulder)  CMC jt-Ligament Reconstruction Tendon Interposition (LRTI)  Gold standard treatment  Trapezium removed, tendon “anchovied

Question 13

Etiology is not well understood, synovial membrane of a joint becomes inflamed and wears away at the bone, cartilage and soft tissues which contributes to joint deformities

Answer 13

RA

Question 14

Joint involvement is often symmetrical and bilateral throughout the body

Answer 14

RA

Question 15

Characterized by remissions and exacerbations

Answer 15

RA

Question 16

Joint swelling and inflammation, no destructive changes, possible presence of osteoporosis on X-ray “flare” 

Answer 16

phase 1, acute

Question 17

synovium begins to invade the soft tissues producing tenosynovitis and limiting joint movement (no joint deformities yet), adjacent muscle atrophy

Answer 17

Stage 2, Moderate Phase (Proliferative)

Question 18

synovial activity “burnt out” fibrosis or bony ankylosis

Answer 18

Stage 4, Terminal phase (Chronic):

Question 19

synovial erosion causes irreversible changes including joint deformities, loosening of ligamentous insertions, impairment of tendon function, muscle atrophy and joint disorganization. X-ray evidence of cartilage and bone destruction and osteoporosis

Answer 19

Stage 3, Severe Phase (Destructive):

Question 20

PIP hyperextension with DIP extension lag, due to erosion of the PIP volar plate, rupture of lateral band or FDS rupture

Answer 20

Swan-neck deformity:

Question 21

PIP flexion contracture with DIP hyperextension (caused by rupture or lengthening of the central slip of the EDC

Answer 21

Boutonniere deformity:

Question 22

OT treatment for RA

Answer 22

 Education  Prevent joint deformities  Sleep and Rest  Modalities (PAMs)  Therapeutic exercise  Adaptive equipment  Splinting  For rest, deformity, function  Joint Protection  Fatigue management  Energy Conservation