Phys A Flashcards
ENERGY, ENERGY SYSTEMS, OXYGEN DELIVERY, EFFECTS OF TRAINING
HOW IS ENERGY DEFINED?
THE CAPACITY AND ABILITY TO DO WORK
WHAT IS THE MOLECULE USED AS IMMEDIATE SOURCE OF ENERGY IN THE BODY
ADENOSINE TRIPHOSPHATE
WHAT IS LEFT AFTER THE PROCESS OF ATP SPLITTING
ADENOSINE DIPHOSPHATE + PI
HOW IS ATP PRODUCED AT REST
AEROBICALLY
HOW IS ATP PRODUCED WHEN EXERCISING
EITHER ANAEROBICALLY OR AEROBICALLY
WHAT FUEL SOURCES ARE USED WHEN ATP IS AT REST
TWO THIRDS OF FATS AND ONE THIRD OF THE BREAKDOWN GLYCOGEN INTO GLUCOSE
THREE FACTORS THAT DETERMINE HOW ATP IS PRODUCED WHEN EXERCISING
INTENSITY, DURATION AND FITNESS
WHAT ARE CARBOHYDRATES STORED AS
GLYCOGEN
WHERE IS GLYCOGEN STORED
MUSCLES AND LIVER
WHAT IS GLYCOGEN BROKEN INTO
GLUCOSE
WHERE IS GLUCOSE STORED
BLOOD
WHAT ARE FATS STORED AS
TRIGLYCCRIDES AND FREE FATTY ACIDS
WHERE ARE TRIGLYCCRIDES STORED
IN THE MUSCLES
WHERE ARE FREE FATTY ACIDS STORED
BLOOD
WHAT IS HITTING THE WALL
AFTER EXTENDED EXERCISE THE ATHLETE EXPERIENCES SUDDEN FATIGUE, DECREASE IN POWER OUTPUT AND THE INABILITY TO IMPORVE POWER OUTPUT
WHY DOES HITTING THE WALL HAPPEN
LIVER AND MUSCLE GLYCOGEN STORES BECOME EXHAUSTED AND AS A RESULT FATS BECOME THE MAIN PRIMARY FUEL SOURCE
TWO THINGS TO DO TO AVOID HITTING THE WALL
CARBOHYDRATE OVERLOAD, IMPROVE FITNESS OVER A COUPLE MONTHS TO IMPROVE GLYCOGEN SPARING
WHAT IS GLYCOGEN SPARING
THE PROCESS WHEN GLYCOGEN STORES ARE NOT USED EARLIER IN THE EXERCISE DUE TO THE INCREASED ABILITY TO USE TRIGLYCERIDES TO PRODUCE ENERGY
DOES ATP HAVE PRESENT STORES IN THE MUSCLES
YES
HOW MANY SECONDS OF STORED ATP DO WE HAVE
2 SECONDS WORTH
WHAT IS THE TOTAL SECONDS OF ATP PRODUCTION
10 SECONDS
HOW IS THE LACTIC ACID SYSTEM FUELED
THE IMCOMPLETE BREAKDOWN OF GLYCOGEN
HOW LONG DOES THE LACTIC ACID LAST WITH COMBINATION OF ATP
10 TO 30 SECONDS
HOW IS ENERGY CREATED IN THE AEROBIC SYSTEM
THE COMPLETE BREAKDOWN OF CARBOHYDRATES, FATS AND PROTEINS
THE FUELS STORES HELPING ATP RESTORATION
FATS (66-75%) AND CARBOHYDRATES (25-33%)
HOW MANY ATP TO YOU GET WHEN UTISLISING GYLCOGEN
38
HOW MANY ATP TO YOU GET WHEN UTISLISING FATS
460
WHAT THREE STAGES OCCUR IN THE OXIDATION OF ATP
ANAEROBIC GYLCOLYSIS, KREBS CYCLE, ELECTRON TRANSPORT SYSTEM
WHAT DOES THE HAEMOGLOBIN DO
BINDS OXYGEN TO IT TO BE ABLE TO TRANSPORT AROUND THE BODY FROM THE HEART TO WHEREVER IT NEEDS TO BE
WHAT DOES THE MYOGLOBIN DO
THE MYOGLOBIN AID DELIVERY OF OXYGEN FROM THE CELL MEMBRANE TO THE MITOCHONDRIA
WHAT IS THE ENERGY CONTINUUM
ALL ENERGY SYSTEM ARE BEING USED AT ONCE BUT WHILE ON EIS BEING USED AT HIGHER DEMAND
WHAT COLOUR ARE FAST TWITCH FIBRES
WHITE
WHAT COLOUR ARE SLOW TWITCH FIBRES
RED
DIFFERENT CHARACTERISTICS OF SKELETAL MUSCLE FIBRES
LENGTH, COLOUR, ENDURANCE, STRENGTH
WHAT IS THE AVERAGE PERCENTAGE OF WHITE MUSCLE FIBRES IN THE BODY
60%
WHAT IS THE AVERAGE PERCENTAGE OF RED MUSCLE FIBRES IN THE BODY
40%
WHAT IS OXYGEN DEFICIT
THE SITUATION IN WHICH WE MOVE FROM REST TO EXERCISE AND DO NOT GIVE OUR RESPIRATORY, CIRCULATORY AND CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM SUFFICICANT TIME TO BE ABLE TO SUPPLY THE ENERGY DEMANDS OF THE BODY
FACTORS THAT PLATEAU TO INDICATE YOU HAVE REACHED A STEADY STATE
STROKE VOLUME, HEART RATE, RESPIRATION RATE AND TITLE VOLUME
WHAT IS AN AEROBIC STEADY STATE
WHERE THE OXYGEN REQUIRED IN THE MUSCLES IS EQUAL TO THE OXGYEN SUPPLIED BY THE CARDIO-RESPIRATORY SYSTEM
WHEN CAN STEADY STATE OCCUR
AT REST OR SUB MAXIMAL EXERCISE
WHAT IS VO2 MAX
THE MAXIMUM AMOUT OF OXYGEN ABLE TO BE TAKEN IN, TRANSPORTED TO AND CONSUMED BY THE WORKING MUSCLES IN ONE MINUTE TO PRODUCE ENERGY
HOW IS V02 MAX EXPRESSED IN ABSOLUTE TERMS
LITRS PER MINUTE
HOW IS V02 MAX EXPRESSED IN RELATIVE TERMS
MILLILILITRES
FACTORS THAT CAN AFFECT AN INDIVIDUALS V02 MAX
BODY SIZE, GENDER, GENETICS, AGE, CARDIOVASCULAR FITNESS
WHEN DOES THE LIP OCCUR
80% of MHR
THE LIP IS THE LAST POINT WHEN WHAT Two FACTORS ARE BALANCED
LACTATE ENTRY INTO BLOOD AND LACTATE REMOVAL FROM THE BLOOD
BENEFITS OF HAVING INCREASED LIP
PERFROM AT A HIGH INTENSITY FOR A LONGER DURATION
WHAT IS BUFFERING
THE PROCESS OF REMOVING BY PRODUCTS OF USING THE LACTIC ACID SYSTEM
what are acute responses
changes which occur in the body between rest and exercise and only last for the duration of the exercise
what are chronic adaptations
the changes that occur over a longer duration due to the repeated effects of the applied stimuli from the training methods utilised
where can chronic adaptations be observed
at rest, during sub maximal exercise, during maximal exercise
acute responses in the circulatory system
heart rate increases rapidly, increase in the speed of blood flow
acute responses in the respiratory system
increasing respiratory rate, increasing Tital volume
acute responses in the muscular system
depletion of muscle energy stores, increased blood flow to muscle
acute responses on the body
body temp rises
chronic adaptations at rest
increased stroke volume, decreased blood pressure
chronic adaptations during sub maximal exercise
blood flow to working muscle decreases, increased lip
chronic adaptations during maximal exercise
decrease in total body fat, maximal minute ventilation increases
