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šŸ”„Gcse studiesšŸ”„ (personal) > phys šŸ”¬āš—ļø > Flashcards

phys šŸ”¬āš—ļø Flashcards

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1
Q

what formula is used to calculate speed?

A

Speed= Distance/time

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2
Q

how do you calculate average speed

A

Total distance/Total time taken (Because speed is not always constant throughout the journey)

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3
Q

Difference between speed and velocity

A

Speed simply the rate at which an object covers a distance (scalar)

While Velocity measures speed in a specific direction. (vector)

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4
Q

What does a minus or plus sign mean with velocity

A
  • = Going the opposite direction
    + = moving in the positive direction. (right or up or left or down depends on the context)
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5
Q

What does a straight line on a DT graph mean

A

That the object has paused

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6
Q

What does a curve mean on a DT graph

A

acceleration

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7
Q

what does diagonal straight incline mean on DT

A

Constant speed

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8
Q

What is acceleration

A

Acceleration is the rate at which an objectā€™s velocity changes over time.

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9
Q

How is acceleration shown on a DT graph

A

A smooth curve

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10
Q

how can acceleration be calculated

A

change in velocity/time taken

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11
Q

Horizontal line on a VT graph

A

steady speed

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12
Q

Straight diagonal line on a VT graph

A

steady acceleration

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13
Q

Curve on a VT graph

A

A curve on a VT graph indicates changing acceleration

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14
Q

How do you find distance from a VT graph

A

The area under a VT graph gives the distance because Distance =speed x time

(make sure unit is consistent)

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15
Q

What happens when you drop an object

A

Gravity acts on the object and causes it to accelerate.

This acceleration of free fall g is constant for a body near the earth, acts downwards and has a value of approximately 9.8m/s^2

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15
Q

unit for acceleration

A

m/s^2

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16
Q

How can you tell from a distance time graph whether the object is moving away from you or toward you?

A

If the distance is increasing (the graph slopes upward), the object is moving away from you.

If the distance is decreasing (the graph slopes downward), the object is moving toward you.

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17
Q

Acceleration

A

The rate (how quickly) of change of velocity.

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18
Q

Acceleration formula

A

change in velocity/ time taken

a= (v-u)/t

v= final velocity in m/s
u= starting velocity in m/s
t= time taken s

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19
Q

calculate the acceleration of a car that travels from 0m/s to 28 m/s in 10 seconds

A

2.8m/s^2

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20
Q

As a stone falls it accelerates from 0m/s to 20m/s in 2 seconds. calculate its acceleration and state unit.

A

10m/s^2

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21
Q

A racing car slows down from 45m/s to 0 m/s in 3 seconds. Calculate the acceleration

A

-15m/s^2- final velocity=0 - initial velocity 45 -45/3= -15

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22
Q

How do you calculate acceleration from a speed time graph

A

the gradient of a speed-time graph

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23
Q

How do you find distance from a speed-time graph

A

the area beneath the graph

always make sure the units are consistent

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24
Q

Two runners complete a 400m race. Athlete A takes 50s and athlete B takes 64s
calculate the average speed of each runner

A

8m/s and 6.25 m/s

25
Q

What is the vector version of these:
-speed
-distance

A

-velocity
-displacement

26
Q

What does a steep slope on a distance-time graph represent?

A

The object is moving quickly. The steeper the slope, the faster the object is moving.

27
Q

How can you determine the speed of an object from a distance-time graph?

A

Speed is the gradient (slope) of the line. A steeper slope means a higher speed.

28
Q

What does a curved line on a distance-time graph mean about the objectā€™s motion?

A

The objectā€™s speed is changing, meaning itā€™s either accelerating or decelerating.

29
Q

What does a horizontal line on a velocity-time graph represent?

A

The object is moving at a constant velocity.

30
Q

What does a negative slope on a velocity-time graph suggest?

A

The object is decelerating (slowing down).

31
Q

What does a horizontal line on a velocity-time graph represent?

A

The object is moving at a constant velocity.

32
Q

Mass (scalar)

A

How much material is present in the object (g,kg etc.)

33
Q

Weight (vector)

A

force on the object due to gravity (N)

34
Q

velocity

A

rate of change of displacement (distance travelled) (m/s)

35
Q

Weight formula

A

m (mass) x g (gravitational field strength)

36
Q

gravitational field on earth

A

9.8

37
Q

mass is a property that _____ change in motion

A

resists

38
Q

how do you find the mass of something?

A

The most accurate way is with a balance.

The balance is level when the forces pulling down both sides are the same.

39
Q

How do you find the weight of something?

A

A spring balance:

-The top of the spring is hung from a hook

-The scale can then be adjusted so that the pointer is aligned

40
Q

Gravity is an _____ , _______ force

A

attractive, non contact

41
Q

What is gravitational force

A

acceleration due to gravity

42
Q

why does a heavier object fall faster than a lighter object

A

due to air resistance or water resistance

43
Q

Terminal velocity

A

The constant speed that a falling object reaches because the force of gravity is balanced by air resistance.

44
Q

field strength

A

N/kg

45
Q

what is density

A

how much mass is in 1m^3 or 1cm^3 of an object

46
Q

formula for density

A

Ļ=m/v.

mass/volume.

47
Q

density of water

A

1g/cm^3

48
Q

what happens when the density of an object is less than the fluid

A

it floats

49
Q

what happens when the density of an object is more than the fluid

A

it sinks- upthrust is less than weight

50
Q

what happens when objects fall in a vacuum

A

there is no air resistance or liquid resistance so the only force acting on them is the force of weight.

51
Q

what is a vacuum

A

a space that contains no matter

52
Q

force formula

A

mass x acceleration

53
Q

What is upthrust

A

the force that pushes upwards on an object submerged in a liquid.

54
Q

what direction does upthrust always act in

A

opposite direction to the objectā€™s weight force

55
Q

The ________ the object the _________ the upthrust

A

denser greater

56
Q

what does an object floating say about the upthrust

A

it is equal to the weight.

57
Q

what does the size of upthrust depend on

A

the density of the fluid

The volume of fluid pushed aside (equal to the volume of the object)

58
Q

how do you calculate the density of a regularly shaped object

A
  1. Measure the mass:

Use a balance or scale to find the objectā€™s mass in kilograms (kg) or grams (g).

  1. Find volume by finding length, width, height

mass/volume

59
Q

how do you calculate the density of an irregularly shaped object

A
  1. measure mass
  2. measure volume- measure the original volume of water then
  3. submerge the object in the water completely, ensuring itā€™s fully underwater

4.Measure the new water level. The increase in water level shows the volume of the object. Final water level - Initial water level

  1. mass/volume
60
Q

what can be certain flaws in calculating the density of an irregularly shaped object

A

-The water level may not be read accurately.
-The object might not be fully submerged, leading to incorrect displacement.

61
Q

what does resultant force= 0 look like on a vt graph

A

horizontal line- acceleration=0

šŸ”„Gcse studiesšŸ”„ (personal) (8 decks)

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