Phylum Porifera Flashcards
Rigid and possess no skeleton. Pechenik (2015) describes it as: a rigid perforated bag.
Sponge
A relatively large cavity inside a sponge.
Spongocoel
The spongocoel is lined with….
Hint:
Also called as collar cells
Choanocytes
What are the three functions of choanocytes?
Generate current to maintain circulation, captures food particles, captures incoming sperm for fertilization
Choanocytes form a layer called..
Choanosome
After the choanocyte layer, is a gelatinous layer called the…
Mesohyl
The mesohyl possess amorphous ameboid cells called…
Archeocytes
Choanocytes are responsible for digesting and storing food particles and eliminating of waste materials. True or False?
False
The mesohyl possesses support structures that are called…
Spicules
Spicules may be calcareous or siliceous and may be composed of collagenous protein called the…
Spongin
Cells responsible for secreting spicules
Sclerocytes
Cells responsible for the production of spongin fiber
Spongocytes
Spicules and spongin fibers are necessary to____________________, and the presence of spicules can deter______________.
maintain shape and structure, predators
Freshwater sponges produce dormant structure called the…
Gemmules
These structures allow sponges to survive unfavorable environmental conditions and are in a state of dormancy.
Gemmules
The outermost layer of the sponge is called the…
Pinacoderm
The pinacoderm is composed of contractile cells called the…
Pinacocytes
True or False
Sponges lack muscles, nerve, and any recognizable organs, they are entirely dependent on water flow, gas exchange, waste removal and reproduction.
True
Water flows into the spongocoel via narrow entrance called_______and exits via the_____.
Ostia, oscula
What are the three different canal systems of poriferans?
Asconoid, syconoid, leuconoid
Outer layer of sponge
Pinacoderm
The pinacoderm is composed of:
Pinacocytes, porocytes
Flat cells that line the pinacoderm
Pinacocytes
Tube-like cells that penetrate the body wall of a cell
Porocytes
Inner layer of sponge lined with flagellated collar cells called choanocytes. These cells are a characteristic of Porifera.
Choanoderm
Middle layer of sponge with cells and spicules in a gelatinous matrix called mesoglea.
Mesohyl
Star-shaped cell that secretes collagen-like protein (collagenous fibrils) that supports the mesohyl.
Collencyte
Four classes of Porifera
Class calcarea, class demospongiae, class hexactinidella, class homoscleromorpha
These are generally called calcareous sponges that possess spicules that are composed of calcium carbonate that are of the same general size.
Class calcarea
In Class Calcarea, the spicules are of three types:
Monoaxons, triradiates, and quadrirdiates
Largest sponge class
Class demospongiae
Nearly all demospongiae are_______.
Leuconoid
They are commonly known as glass sponges and are characterized by the presence of hexaxon (six-pointed) spicules.
Class hexactinidella
In this class, spongin fibers are generally absent.
Class hexactinidella
Example of a sponge from Class Hexactinidella.
Hint:
The Venus flower basket
Euplectella
Most sponges belonging to this class lack spicules.
Class homoscleromorpha
Members of this class are unique among sponges in that they have a clear, distinct basal membrane underlying the epithelium, as well as in the fact that all their epithelial cells bear cilia.
Class homoscleromorpha
