Phylum Placazoa And Phylum Porifera Study Guide Flashcards
2.) List the characteristics of the Phylum Porifera. A)
A) They are filter feeders.
2.) List the characteristics of the Phylum Porifera. B)
B) They lack a digestive tract.
2.) List the characteristics of the Phylum Porifera. C)
C) They have asymmetrical body plans.
2.) List the characteristics of the Phylum Porifera. D)
D) They lack nerve cells.
2.) List the characteristics of the Phylum Porifera. E)
E) Some have radial symmetry.
2.) List the characteristics of the Phylum Porifera. F)
F) They have pores called Ostia.
2.) List the characteristics of the Phylum Porifera. G)
G) They have a skeleton (not a true skeleton).
2.) List the characteristics of the Phylum Porifera. H)
H) One opening at the top called the osculum.
3.) Describe how sponges feed.
Collar cells (choanocytes)
- beat the flagella to draw water into the Ostia.
- the microvilli of the collar cells strain food from the water and trap food in the collar.
- cells at the base of the collar will engulf trapped food.
4.) What are gemmules?
They are reproductive agents that are associated with survival in freshwater sponges.
5.) How do cells of the outer sponge surface obtain their nutrients?
They absorb food that is distributed by the ameboid cells.
6.) Name the Kingdom and Phylum for sponges.
The Kingdom is Animalia.
The Phylum is Porifera.
7.) How does water enter and exit the sponge?
Water enters through the Ostia.
It exits through the osculum.
8.) Name the two skeletal elements of a sponge and write the composition of each of the elements.
The first is spongin which is made of protein.
The second is spicules which is made of calcium carbonate or silica.
9.) What does Placazoa mean? What does Porifera mean?
Placazoa means plate animal.
Porifera means pore bearer.
10.) When did sponges evolve?
They evolved in the Precambrian period.
11.) Know the functions of the following parts.
A) Ameboecyte-
A) Distribute, breakdown and store food as they wander through the sponge.
(They are wandering cells)
11.) Know the functions of the following parts.
B) Ostia-
B) Pores that allow water to enter the sponge.
11.) Know the functions of the following parts.
C) Osculum-
C) Large opening where water and waste products exit.
11.) Know the functions of the following parts.
D) Spongocoel-
D) The hollow opening in the middle of the sponge where wastes are released into and water passes through.
11.) Know the functions of the following parts.
E) Choanocytes (collar cells)-
E) Food trapping structures that make up the inner layer of a sponge.
11.) Know the functions of the following parts.
F) Spicules-
F) Spicules are crystalline and various shapes that support the body wall.
11.) Know the functions of the following parts.
G) Spongin-
G) Protein fibers that are woven to support the body wall.
11.) Know the functions of the following parts.
H) Epidermal cells of the ectoderm-
H) Are the outer layer of cells in a sponge.
