Phylum Chordata: Mammals, Fish, Birds

Question 1

Pharyngeal Gill Slits

Answer 1

are openings in the pharynx of some chordates, serving as respiratory structures in aquatic vertebrates and embryonic structures in others.

Question 2

Notochord

Answer 2

a flexible, rod-like structure in chordates, providing support and serving as a precursor to the vertebral column in vertebrates.

Question 3

Dorsal Nerve Cord

Answer 3

is a tubular structure along the dorsal side of chordates, forming the central nervous system and connecting to the brain in vertebrates.

Question 4

Tail

Answer 4

a muscular extension beyond the anal opening in chordates, contributing to locomotion and present in some stage of development.

Question 5

Lateral Line

Answer 5

is a sensory organ in fish, consisting of small, fluid-filled canals that detect changes in water pressure and assist in navigation.

Question 6

Ovoviviparous

Answer 6

_____ reproduction involves embryos developing within eggs that are retained within the mother’s body until hatching.

Question 7

Viviparous

Answer 7

______ organisms give birth to live young, with the offspring developing within the mother’s body.

Question 8

Oviparous

Answer 8

_____ organisms lay eggs, and the development of the embryo occurs outside the mother’s body.

Question 9

Cloaca

Answer 9

is a common chamber for the release of excretory and reproductive products, found in certain vertebrates, including reptiles and birds.

Question 10

Tympanum

Answer 10

the external eardrum, typically present in amphibians, reptiles, and some mammals.

Question 11

Eustachian Tube

Answer 11

connects the middle ear to the pharynx, equalizing air pressure and regulating hearing in vertebrates.

Question 12

Amniotic Egg

Answer 12

a specialized egg with membranes that protect and nourish the developing embryo, allowing reproduction in terrestrial environments, characteristic of reptiles and birds.

Question 13

Ectothermic

Answer 13

regulate their body temperature primarily through external environmental sources, commonly seen in reptiles and amphibians.

Question 14

Endothermic

Answer 14

can internally regulate their body temperature, as observed in birds and mammals.

Question 15

Feather

Answer 15

are lightweight, keratinous structures covering the bodies of birds, providing insulation, aiding in flight, and displaying various functions.

Question 16

Gizzard

Answer 16

is a muscular organ in birds and some reptiles that grinds food with the help of swallowed stones or grit.

Question 17

Placenta

Answer 17

is an organ formed during pregnancy in mammals, facilitating nutrient and gas exchange between the mother and the developing offspring.

Question 18

Hair

Answer 18

a filamentous structure covering the skin of mammals, providing insulation, protection, and sensory functions.

Question 19

Mammary Glands

Answer 19

are specialized organs in mammals that produce milk to nourish and sustain the young.

Question 20

Pear-Shaped Uterus

Answer 20

Singular Births

Question 21

Y- Shaped Uteru

Answer 21

Births litters