Phylum Chordata Flashcards
List the four principal features of the chordates shown in a generalized embryo
hollow dorsal nerve cord , pharyngeal slits , notochord , postnatal tail
what falls under the subphylum urochordata ?
Tunicates and Sea Squirts
what is the chemical composition of a tunic ?
cellulose
what falls under the subphylum cephalochordata ?
lancelets
how do lancelets obtain food ?
food particles are caught on the gill arches and eventually swept to the intestine; the anus is not terminal
how does a tunic obtain food ?
food collected by mucus on the pharyngeal basket is moved by cilia to the stomach and intestine. The intestine empties into the body cavity near the excurrent siphon
what is the most common genus of subphylum cephlochordata ?
branchiostoma
Do adults or larvae of urochordates posses the general chordate form?
larvae
what other groups of organisms has cellulose in its supporting structures?
plants (cell wall contains cellulose)
what does subphylum cephalochordata consist of?
lancelets
after water passes by the gill arches it moves into a surrounding chamber called an ____ and then leaves the body through the _____.
atrium, atriopore
what classes are under subphylum vertebrata?
Agnatha Chondrichthyes Osteichthyes Amphibia Reptilia Aves Mammalia
Is lamprey an endoparatism or ectoparatism?
ectoparatism
The endoskeleton is _____ and the anterior gill arches are modified into jaws on sharks.
cartilaginous
what fins of sharks provide power and speed?
caudal fin
A caudal fin on a shark is asymmetrical heteroceral so a caudal fin on a bony fish is
Symmetrical homoceral
In Osteichthyes, gills are protected by a movable gill cover called an
operculum
What kind of receptor is a lateral-line system?
Mechanoreceptor
Tongue and nostrils are what kind of receptor?
Chemoreceptor
What is the sexual dimorphism of bony fish?
Gonad of female is pink and has eggs.
Gonad of male is pale and solid
What fins of fish provide power and speed?
Pectoral fins
Sharks lack ____ fin
anal
Can fish move water over their gills without moving through the water?
Yes the operculum can open and close and bring in oxygen and water
How does buoyancy of an air bladder/ swim bladder affection the motion of a fish?
Inflate - rises
Deflate - sinks
What kind of fertilization do class amphibia take part of?
external fertilization
Class amphibia are _____thermic.
pokilo
What is a benefit of moist skin of class amphibia?
respiration
What kind of fertilization do class reptilia take part of?
Internal fertilization
Pokilothermic =
Abiotic
Homeothermic =
Biotic
The _____ allows oxygen to enter the porous shell but retains water within the egg.
Chorion
The _____ encases the developing embryo within a fluid-filled cavity.
amnion
The ______ provides food from the yolk for the embryo via blood vessels connecting to the embryo’s gut.
yolk sac
The ____ surrounds a cavity into which waste products from the embryo are excreted.
allantois
The ___ is analogous to the endosperm in plants.
yolk sac
class aves consist of?
birds
What is the most prominent / highly developed sense of a bird?
eyes
what are wings of flying animals other than birds made of?
a lightweight skeleton
Six adaptations of birds to flight
Prominent Eyes Homeothermic High Metabolism Light skeleton efficient respiratory heavy musculature
