Phylum Arthropoda Flashcards
General characteristic of phylum Arthropoda:
- has metamerism eg. body segments with specialization
- shows tagmata eg. fused segments
- undergoes MOLTING
- LACK cilia
- may have setae
What is the arthropods circulatory system?
- open circulatory system
- coelom is reduced and used as blood cavity
How do arthropods respire?
- respiration by body surface, gills, book lungs or trachea
How do arthropods excrete waste?
- for crustacean and aquatic species ammonia diffuses through gills and nephridial coxal, antennal or maxillary glands
- for terrestrial the uric acid is excreted via Malphigian tubules
How do arthropods reproduce?
- they are dioecious
- they have internal fertilization
- can be oviparous or ovoviparous and often with metamorphosis
What are the characteristics of subphylum Chelicerata?
- six appendages eg. chelicerae, pedipalps and walking legs
- NO mandible or antennae
- fused cephalothorax and abdomen
- simple eyes and compound in some
What are the characteristics of class Merostomata?
- is the horseshoe crab
- blood used for bioassay for contamination in drugs
- eggs are used for nutrition in birds
- there are threatened by overfishing
What are the characteristics of class Pycgnogonida?
- is the sea spiders
- NO tagmata
- proboscis for feeding
- juveniles are parasitic
What are the characteristics of class Arachnida?
- is the spiders
- two tagmata eg. cephalothorax and abdomen joined by pedicel
- chelicerae have fangs and poison ducts
- respire by book lungs or trachea
- excretion via Malphigian tubules or coxal gland
- has separate sexes
Subphylum Mandibulata characteristics:
- are the insects, millipedes and centipedes
- appendages uniramous (unbranched) or biramous
- one pair of antennae
- respire by body surface or trachea, some larva have gills
Class Myriopoda characteristics:
- are the millipedes and centipedes
- have two tagmata eg. head and trunk
- have mandibles
Order Chilopoda characteristics:
- are the centipedes
- predators
- poison claws on first trunk metamere
- fast runners
- one leg per segment
Order Diplopoda characteristics:
- are the millipedes
- herbivorous
- slow moving
- two legs per segment
Class Insecta characteristics:
- three tagmata eg. head, thorax, abdomen
- excretion by Malpighian tubules
- has sensory organs
- have three pairs of legs and two pairs of wings on thorax
How do insects reproduce?
- have separate sexes
- fertilization is internal
- have complete or incomplete metamorphosis
- holometabolous (complete metamorphosis) eg. like a butterfly
- hemimetabolous (incomplete metamorphosis) eg. moves from nymph (adult look a like) to adult
What are the characteristics of subclass Copepoda?
- are the copepods
- important part of plankton
- parasitic form eg. sea lice
Chracteristics of subclass Brachiopoda:
- are the brine shrimp
- carapace absent or cover most of body
- reduced first antennae
- legs modified for swimming, feeding and respiration
Characteristics of subclass Cirripedia:
- are the barnacles
- free living attached to substrate
- parasitic
- have calcareous plates for carapace
- are hermaphroditic with internal fertilization
- have naupilus and cyprid larva
Subclass Malacostraca characteristics:
- usually eight thoracic and six abdominal somites with appendages
- two tagmata eg. cephalothorax and abdomen
- 5 pairs of walking legs
How do Malacostraca feed?
- suspension feeding
- predatory
- detritovores
- herbivores
- parasitic
How do Malacostraca reproduce?
- have separate sexes
- copulation is common
- eggs are brooded
- larva molt several times to grow
