phylogeography- 5

Question 1

what is phylogeography?

Answer 1

spatial patterns of populations

Question 2

if there is no subdivision the population is? and its mating is?

Answer 2

Panmictic

completely random

Question 3

why are the models of population genetic subdivision often not true?

Answer 3

because their assumptions are not realistic

Question 4

what is a metapopulation?

example?

Answer 4

series of subdivided populations with different migratory rates
Glanville Fritillary butterflies

Question 5

why in structured populations is the overall number of heterozygotes fewer than expected?

Answer 5

wahlund effect

Question 6

effective population size (Ne) is?

what does it depend on?

Answer 6

• the number of individuals that contribute to the next generation
• population size and fluctuations in size

Question 7

Ne is closer to the what instead of the actual mean?

Answer 7

closer to the smallest population size (the harmonic mean)

Question 8

examples of factors that affect effective population size?

Answer 8

• unequal sex ratios
• variance in reproductive success
• population subdivision (Separate Ne for each sub pop)
• connectivity
• extinction chance

Question 9

some bacteria decrease effective population size by?

Answer 9

maternally inherited bacteria kill all male offspring

Question 10

selective sweep?
can be caused by?
for what purpose?

Answer 10

• co inheritance of traits/ genes swept to higher frequency along with ones under selection (linkage)
• maternally acquired symbionts
• to promote its own transmission by increasing reproduction

Question 11

current geographical distribution of genetic variants reflect?

Answer 11

past events (histories)