Phylogeny

Question 1

Taxonomy

Answer 1

Naming and categorizing based on shared traits; morphological,developmental, molecular

Question 2

Linnaeus

Answer 2

Hierarchical system; binomial naming, ie Home Sapiens

Question 3

Phylogeny

Answer 3

evolutionary history of a species or group of related species

Question 4

Nodes

Answer 4

Branch Points, show common ancestors

Question 5

Systematics

Answer 5

Classifies organisms, determines evolutionary history

uses Fossils, biochem, genetic data

Question 6

Branch Points

Answer 6

show divergence of species (Specieation)

Question 7

Sister Taxa

Answer 7

have an immediate common ancestor

Question 8

Rooted Tree

Answer 8

includes a branch that represents the last common ancestor of all taxa in a tree

Question 9

Polytomy

Answer 9

branch where 2 or more groups emerge; unresolved level of divergence

Question 10

Outgroup

Answer 10

different from the rest, but some ancestor

Question 11

Homologies

Answer 11

Phenotypic and genotypic similarities due to shared ancestry (divergent evolution)

Question 12

Analogy

Answer 12

due to convergent evolution

Question 13

Cladistics

Answer 13

grouping organisms by common descendants

Question 14

Clade

Answer 14

group of species that includes ancestral species + all descendants

Question 15

Monophyletic

Answer 15

consists of ancestor species AND all descendants

Question 16

Paraphyletic

Answer 16

ancestral species and only some descendants

Question 17

Polyphyletic

Answer 17

distantly related species, BUT not most recent common ancestor

Question 18

Shared Ancestral Characteristic

Answer 18

characteristic originates in ancestor

Question 19

Shared Derived Characteristic

Answer 19

characteristic lacking in ancestor, but found in all descendants