phylogenic classification Flashcards
what does a phylogenitic method do
groups closely related organisms together
what is significance of organisms being in the same group
more recent common ancestor than those not in their group
how are phylogenic relationships shown as
phylogenetic trees
what do branch points represent
common ancestors of organisms in the branches
what does phylogenetic mean
evolutionary relatedness
where are living organisms shown in the tree
at the tips of branches
where are extinsct organisms shown in the tree
trunk of the tree
defenition of phylogenetic
evolutionary relatedness
reflects evolutionary history
defenition of hierarchical
system of ranking in which small groups are nested components of larger groups
defenition of discrete
can only fit 1 classification group at any level
defenition of tentative
classification system may be changed as more information becomes available
what are taxa
levels of classification
what do large taxa contain
smaller taxonomic groups
corrolation as you move down the taxonomic groups
become more closely related as you move down
what are the groups after domains
king phillip came over for good spaghetti
what type of group are taxa
discrete
why are taxa discrete
cannot belong to more than one taxon at any level
how can you describe classification as being
hierarchical
what does phylogenetic classification system allow us to do
infer evolutionary relationships
when describing health of ecosystem what taxa do they use
families
taxonomy defintion
the identification and naming of organisms
classification definiton
putting items into groups
hierarchy defenition
a system of ranking in which small groups are nested components of larger groups
taxon defenition
any group within a system of classification
what were domains originially defined because
baisis of rRNA base sequences
how many domain subcategories are there?
3
what are the domain subcategories
eubacteria
archaea
eukaryota
what are classed in the eubacteria subgroup?
eg salmonella
prokaryotes
what are classed in the archaea subgroup?
bacteria which are extremophiles living in
very high temp
very high / low pH
high pressure
what is the subcategory of eukaryota
eukaryots - plantae, animalia, fungi, protoctista
what are the 5 kingdoms
prokaryotes
protoctista
fungi
plantae
animala
how many kingdoms are there
5
why do we need a classification system
allows us to infer evolutionary relationships
predict charecterists of organism based on general charecteristicts of taxon
what is a species
group of organisms sharing a large number of physical feature and able to interbreed to make fertile offspring
