Phylogenetics

Question 1

What is phylogeny

Answer 1

Phylogeny is the history of events which species arose from a common ancestor

Question 2

What is a phylogenetic tree

Answer 2

Graphical representation of ancestor-descendent relationship between organisms

Question 3

Internal node

Answer 3

Hypothetical ancestral divergence into 2 species

Question 4

Monophyletic

Answer 4

Sharing a single ancestral taxon

Question 5

Clade

Answer 5

A monophyletic group

Question 6

What is anagenesis

Answer 6

Where a lineage of organisms tend to be a different state, which can lead to a new species from its ancestral species

Question 7

What is cladogenesis

Answer 7

Splitting of an ancestral species into several, new species

Question 8

Cladogram

Answer 8

Tree that communicates the topology not parsimonious tree branch lengths

Question 9

Homoplasy

Answer 9

A lack between tree topology and the distribution of character states amount taxa

Question 10

Autopomorphy

Answer 10

A derived character state that is restricted to one taxon in a particular data set

Question 11

Pleisomorphy

Answer 11

An an ancestral character state

Question 12

Apomorphy

Answer 12

Opposite of pleisomorphy and an ancestral character state

Question 13

Synapomorphy

Answer 13

A shared derived state