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CISSP > Phyiscal Security > Flashcards

Phyiscal Security Flashcards

1
Q

Blackout

A

prolonged loss of power.

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1
Q

Fault

A

Short loss of power.

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2
Q

Brownout

A

prolonged low voltage.

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3
Q

Sag

A

temporary low voltage.

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4
Q

Surge

A

prolonged high voltage.

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5
Q

Spike

A

temporary high voltage.

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7
Q

Lumen

A

the amount of light one candle creates.

Light was historically measured in foot-candles; one foot-candle is one lumen per square foot.

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7
Q

Lux

A

one lux is one lumen per square meter.

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9
Q

Smoke detector example

A

1) Ionization-based smoke detectors

2) Photoelectric sensors

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10
Q

Humidity level

A
  • levels of 40-55% are recommended.
  • Humidity creates electrostatic discharges.
  • A commonly recommended “set point” temperature range for a data center is 68-77 F (20-25 C).
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10
Q

Traverse-mode noise

A

is a type of EMI generated by the electrical charge difference between hot and neutral electric wires.

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12
Q

Deluge

A

are similar to dry pipes, except the sprinkler heads are open and larger than dry pipe heads.

The pipes are empty at normal air pressure; the water is held back by a deluge valve. The valve is opened when a fire alarm triggers.

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13
Q

Class A fires

A

are common combustibles such as wood, paper, cloth, rubber, plastics, etc.
Extinguished with water or soda acid.

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14
Q

Class B fires

A

are burning alcohol, oil, grease, flammable gases and gasoline.
Extinguished with CO2, Halon, gas or soda acid.
You should never use water to extinguish a class B fire.

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15
Q

Class C fires

A

are electrical fires.

Extinguishing using Halon or CO2 or carbon dioxide. Never use soda acid.

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16
Q

Class D fires

A

are burning metals

Extinguished with dry powder.

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17
Q

Class K fires

A 
are kitchen fires, such as burning oil or grease. 
Wet chemicals are used to extinguish class K fires.
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18
Q

Gates

A

o Class I: Residential (home use)
o Class II: Commercial/General Access (parking garage)
o Class III: Industrial/Limited Access (loading dock for 18-wheeler trucks)
o Class IV: Restricted Access (airport or prison)

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19
Q

Crime Prevention through Environmental Design (CPTED)

A

o a crime reduction technique that applicable to the analysis of the building function and site design against physical attack.
o CPTED process provides direction to solve the challenges of crime with organizational (people), mechanical (technology and hardware), and natural design (architecture and circulation flow) methods.

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19
Q

Natural surveillance

A
  • includes security guards, CCTV, line of sight, low-level landscaping, and raised entrances.
    The primary concern is to ensure that criminals feel uncomfortable making an attack.
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20
Q

Natural access control

A
  • includes door, fence, lighting, and landscaping placement.
  • Ensures that access and traffic to building entrances is controlled.
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21
Q

Territorial reinforcement

A
  • includes walls, fences, landscaping, lighting, flags, and sidewalks
  • emphasize or extend the company’s area of influence so users feel that they own the area.
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22
Q

Key locks: two types of mechanical locks are

A

warded locks and tumbler locks

23
Q

three types of tumbler locks

A

pin, wafer, and level tumbler locks

25
Q

Flame detectors and they are classified as

A

classified as infrared (IR) and ultraviolet (UV) detectors

25
Q

ultraviolet (UV) flame detectors

A

detect flames at speeds of 3–4 milliseconds due to the high-energy radiation emitted by fires.
One drawback: requires line-of-sight to detect the flame

26
Q

infrared (IR) flame detector

A
  • detect a large mass of hot gases
  • these patterns are sensed with a thermographic camera and an alarm is sounded.
  • Additional hot surfaces in the room may trigger a false response with this alarm
27
Q

Heat detectors

A
  • Include fixed temperature.
  • It requires to check for battery life and operation status.
  • It should not be used to replace smoke detectors.
28
Q

Ionization-based smoke detectors

A

monitors the air around the sensors constantly. Once there is enough smoke in the room, the alarm will sound.

29
Q

Photoelectric smoke sensors

A

contain an LED (Light-Emitting Diode) and a photoelectric sensor that generates a small charge while receiving light.

30
Q

fire suppression agents work via four methods

A
  • Halon disrupts the chemical reaction of a fire.
  • CO2 displaces the oxygen.
  • Water reduces the temperature.
  • Soda acid removes the fuel. float on the surface of some liquid fires, starving the oxygen supply.
32
Q

Which facet in the CPTED approach includes security guards, closed-circuit television (CCTV), line of sight, low landscaping, and raised entrances?

A

natural surveillance

33
Q

Which facet in the CPTED approach includes door, fence, lighting, and landscaping placement?

A

natural access control

34
Q

Which facet in the CPTED approach includes walls, fences, landscaping, lighting, flags, and sidewalks that emphasize or extend the company’s area of influence?

A

territorial reinforcement

35
Q

In which proper order should the steps below be taken after electronic equipment or media has been exposed to smoke contaminants?

A

o Turn off power to equipment.
o Move equipment into an air-conditioned and humidity controlled environment.
o Spray connectors, backplanes, and printed circuit boards with Freon or Freon-alcohol solvents.
o Spray corrosion-inhibiting aerosol to stabilize metal contact surfaces.

36
Q

In which proper order should the steps below be taken after electronic equipment or media has been exposed to water?

A

o Turn off all electrical power to the equipment.
o Open cabinet doors and remove panels and covers to allow water to run out.
o Place all affected equipment or media in an air-conditioned area, if portable.
o Wipe with alcohol or Freon-alcohol solutions or spray with water-displacement aerosol sprays.

37
Q

what type control is light?

A

detective and deterrent

38
Q

what type control is CCTV?

A

detective

39
Q

What is depth of field and field of view?

A

depth of field (the area that is in focus) and

field of view (the entire area viewed by the camera).

40
Q

photoelectric motion sensor

A

sends a beam of light across a monitored space to a photoelectric sensor. The sensor alerts when the
light beam is broken.

41
Q

What is the alternatives to glass windows?

A

polycarbonate and acrylic

42
Q

What control are dogs?

A

deterrent and detective

primary drawback to using dogs as a perimeter control is legal liability

43
Q

What is Topography?

A

is the physical shape of the land: hills, valleys, trees, etc.

Topography can be used to steer ingress and egress
to controlled points

44
Q

How to mitigate crosstalk?

A

Never route power cables close to network cables.

45
Q

What cause false alarms to smoke detectors?

A

small airborne dust particles can trigger smoke detectors.

46
Q

What is the drawback to Flame detector?

A

requires a line of sight to detect the flame; smoke detectors do not have this limitation.

47
Q

Duress warning systems

A

designed to provide immediate alerts to personnel in the

event of emergencies, such as sever weather, threat of violence, or chemical contamination.

48
Q

Four elements must be present in order for fire to exist are

A

HEAT, FUEL, OXYGEN and CHAIN REACTION

49
Q

In Sprinkle system, what is the purpose of the colors in the bulbs?

A

indicating the ceiling temperature that will trigger the bulb to burst and open the sprinkler head.

50
Q

EMI can be caused by

A

lightning, motors, and the current difference between wires.

51
Q

RFI can be caused by

A

electrical system mechanisms, fluorescent lighting, and electrical cables.

52
Q

What is the best use of capacitance sensor?

A

are used to for spot protection within a few inches of the object, rather than for overall room security monitoring.

53
Q

What is the best use of wave pattern motion sensor?

A

it generate a wave pattern and send an alarm if the pattern is disturbed.

It is used for spot protection within a few inches of the object, rather than for overall room security monitoring.

54
Q

Polycarbonate acrylic windows

A

are more resistant to breakage than standard plate windows due to acrylic materializes.
Acrylic materializes give toxic fumes in a fire situation.

55
Q

Glass-clade polycarbonate windows are

A

the strongest windows available. They are resistant to breakage, chemicals, fires, and abrasions. Extremely expensive.

CISSP (12 decks)

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