PHRM 828 Exam 3

Question 1

What are the different routes of administration for dosage forms?

Answer 1

Orally

Transdermally

Pulmonary

Parenteral (crossing through a membrane

Question 2

What is important to know about the oral dosage form?

Answer 2

It is the most common, most stable, easiest to manufacture, avoids sterility and other issues and is the emphasis of Dr. Munson’s lectures.

Question 3

What are the pros and cons of tablets and capsules?

Answer 3

Pros:
-Stable
-Accurate dose
-Easy to use for patient compliance
-Lower costs
-Additional functions such as masking the taste or controlled release

Cons:
-Not great for children or infants
-Not suitable for non-oral medications (first pass effect)

Question 4

What are the pros and cons of intravenous solutions?

Answer 4

Pros:
-Fast drug action
-Suitable for drugs that can’t tolerate the GI tract
-Suitable for patients unable to swallow tablets/capsules (Ex: patients with dysphagia)

Cons:
-Expensive
-Not convenient
-Associated with pain and people with trypanophobia

Question 5

What are the pros and cons of transdermal patches?

Answer 5

Pros:
-mostly for local treatment
-used for small amounts of drug (mcg)

Cons:
-patch could be itchy/irritating
-only a certain amount of drug will pass transdermally

Question 6

What are the pros and cons of intranasal spray?

Answer 6

-Mostly for local treatment
-Can be used for systemic drug delivery

Question 7

How do you choose which type of dosage form to use?

Answer 7

Each route has advantages and disadvantages.

Choosing which route is often dictated by the disease state treated, convenience to patients and marketing.

Question 8

What is an effervescent tablet?

Answer 8

A type of table that is dissolved in a glass of water prior to administration.

Releases carbon dioxide and Facilitates fast action

Question 9

What are the different types of capsules?

Answer 9

Hard gelatin and soft gelatin.

Hard gelatin is made from collagen and commonly used in clinical trials.

Soft gelatin is made from collagen used for liquids and suspensions.

Question 10

What is the difference between a solid and liquid dosage form?

Answer 10

A solid dosage form is slower to act as it must get into solution, more stable, more convenient, and common for oral administration.

A liquid dosage form is faster acting as is already in solution, less stable and more for parenteral administration.