PHRA 1305 Ch 1-4

Question 1

Identify the difference between therapeutic drugs and prophylactic drugs & give an example of each.

Answer 1

Therapeutic drugs RELIEVE symptoms of a disease while Prophylactic drugs PREVENT or DECREASE the severity of a disease.

Ex:
Therapeutic - antibiotic
Prophylactic - flu shot

Question 2

Know what the differences between the chemical name, generic name, and brand name of a drug

Answer 2

• Chemical name = chemical makeup (h2O)
  
  • Generic name = name the manufacturer gives the drug, not protected by trade mark, lowercase letters
  • Brand name = trade name, copyrighted

Question 3

What are homeopathic remedies and why are they used?

*identify some concerns with using homeopathic remedies

Answer 3

Homeopathic remedies are a form of alternative medicine which include herbs, supplements, etc.

• Concerns:
  
  • scarce legit scientific data
  • patients often don’t tell doctors when they’re taking it & it affects their treatment
  • many aren’t covered my govt regulations

Question 4

What is the difference between a legend drug and an OTC drug?

Answer 4

Legend drug is sold BY PRESCRIPTION (“Rx only”) & OTC (over the counter) is sold w/o prescription

Question 5

What role do medication guides play in pharmacy?

Answer 5

are specific information about certain types of drugs that is required by the FDA to be made available to the patient

Question 6

Define: Clinical Trial

Answer 6

drug testing on humans, used to deter- mine drug safety and efficacy

Question 7

Define: Placebo

Answer 7

an inactive substance with no treatment value

Question 8

Define: Double Blind Study

Answer 8

where neither the trial participants nor the study staff know whether a particular participant is in the control group or the experimental group (who gets the placebo)

Question 9

The order of the phases of clinical trials?

Answer 9

• I - studied in 20-100 healthy people
  
  • II - studied in patients who have the condition it is intended to treat
  • III - compared to commonly used treatments
  • IV - continuation of testing after approved for marketing

Question 10

What is the significance of a black box warning do all drugs have them?

Answer 10

They are for problematic drugs that still provide therapy for specific conditions

Alerts prescribers to known problems

Thousands of drugs have them but not all

Question 11

How many controlled schedule drug classes are there?

* which schedule(s) is/are illegal
* which schedule(s) is/are legal

Answer 11

5 classes (I-V, highest abuse potent ion to lowest)

• Class I are illegal
• Classes II-V are legal

Question 12

What requirements must be followed for drugs that are generic equivalents?

Answer 12

meeting the criteria of pharmaceutical equivalence, bioequivalence, labeling, and good manufacturing practices.

Question 13

What are the “5 rights”

Answer 13

right patient
right drug
right strength
right route
right time

Question 14

What is the Beers List & why is it important?

Answer 14

contains drugs especially important to monitor in elderly

Question 15

Def: Vaccine

Answer 15

a suspension of disease-causing organisms or fragments of them, administered to induce active immunity to the disease

Question 16

Def: Passive Immunity

Answer 16

Receiving antibodies formed BY ANOTHER PERSON OR ANIMAL that developed them in response to being infected

Question 17

Def: Active Immunity

Answer 17

Coming in contact with an infectious agent or an inactivated part of an infectious agent THRU A VACCINE

Question 18

Def: Titer

Answer 18

concentration of an antibody in the bloodstream

Question 19

What is histamine and what does it do?

Answer 19

chemical produced by the body that evokes the symptoms of an allergic reaction and is blocked by antihistamines

(makes u have runny nose)

Question 20

gram staining?

Answer 20

a staining technique that divides bacteria into gram-positive (purple) or gram-nega- tive (red) based on the properties of their cell walls