Photosynthesis, Respiration And ATP Flashcards
Why do plant cells need energy?
Photosynthesis Active transport (minerals via roots) DNA replication Cell division Protein synthesis
Why do animals need energy?
Muscle contraction Maintenance of body temperature Active transport DNA replication Cell division Protein synthesis
Photosynthesis equation
6 CO2 + 6 H2O + ENERGY -> C6 H12 O6 (GLUCOSE) + 6O2
Specific properties of ATP that make it a good energy source
Releases small, manageable amount so no energy is wasted as heat
Small, soluble molecule so it can be easily transported
Easily broken down so energy can be released instantaneously
Quickly remade
Can’t pass out of cell so cell phones always has immediate supply of energy
What is a metabolic pathway?
A series of small reactions controlled by enzymes, e.g. respiration and photosynthesis.
What is phosphorylation?
Adding phosphate to a molecule.
What is photophosphorylation?
Adding phosphate to a molecule using light.
What is photolysis?
The splitting of a molecule using light energy.
What is photoionisation?
When light energy excites electrons in an atom or molecule, giving them more energy and causing them to be released. The release of electrons causes an atom or molecule to become a positively charged ion.
What is hydrolysis?
The splitting of a molecule using water.
What is decarboxylation?
The removal of carbon dioxide from a molecule.
What is dehydrogenation?
The removal of hydrogen from a molecule.
What is a redox reaction?
Reactions that involve oxidation and reduction.
What is a coenzyme?
A molecule that aids the function of an enzyme.
By transferring a chemical group from one molecule to another.
