photosynthesis + cellular respiration Flashcards
what is the process of photosynthesis?
a series of chemical reactions that convert light energy, water, and carbon dioxide into glucose (food-energy molecule) and oxygen (waste product)
what are do gaurd cells do?
opens and closes stomata (pores in leaf) which allow CO2 and O2 to pass in an out the leaf
what’s the 2nd reactant of the process in photosynthesis and how does it get into the plant?
water (H2O), goes into the plant from roots (also called as vascular bundles)
what are the reactants of photosynthesis?
• carbon dioxide (CO2)
• water (H2O)
• chlorophyll
• sunlight
what are the products of photosynthesis?
• glucose aka sugar (C6H12O6)
• oxygen (O2)
• water vapor (H2O)
• some energy (ATP)
how does CO2 and O2 pass in and out of the leaf?
by the gaurd cells that open the stomata (pores in a leaf)
what vascular bundle transports WATER from the roots UP to the leaves?
xylem
what vascular bundle transports NUTRIENTS from the leaves DOWN to the roots?
phloem
what’s the chlorophyll that absorbs light energy (for photosynthesis)?
chloroplasts
what is light?
a form of energy
what is white light?
a mixture of all visible light
! which is why when shone through a glass prism, it looks like a rainbow
chlorophyll appears green, why is that?
it absorbs ROY BIV and reflects green
what color(s) are best for photosynthesis and why?
red and blue. they have the highest % of absorbed light
what color(s) are worst for photosynthesis and why?
green and yellow. they have the lowest % of absorbed light
how is glucose (a product) used?
• carried by phloem to all parts of the plants for energy
• unused glucose is stored as starch for future use
• so it’s carried by phloem again to the storage
• phloem is 2 directional transportation system, and xylem is only a 1 directional
photosynthesis equation
6 CO2 + 6 H2O + ATP ➡️ C6H12O6 + 6 O2
cellular respiration equation
C6H12O6 + 6 O2 ➡️ 6 CO2 + 6 H2O + ATP
what does ATP (Adenosine TriPhosphate) consist of?
• adenine
• sugar
• 3 phosphate groups
what is ADP?
similar to ATP, but has only 2 phosphate groups
• which is why the cell adds a phosphate to ADP to produce ATP
what is aerobic respiration?
aerobic - air
respiration - breathing
• requires oxygen
what is anaerobic respiration?
anaerobic - no air
respiration - breathing
• doesn’t need oxygen
what are the 2 types of fermentation (a process when u go through anaerobic respiration)?
• lactic acid fermentation (in bacteria and animal cells like muscles)
• alcohol fermentation (in yeast)
total ATP produced with aerobic respiration is
36-38 ATP
• 2 ATP is used when transporting the stuff so
total ATP produced with anaerobic respiration?
2-4 ATP
• same reason, 2 ATP is used when transporting it
where does the energy for photosynthesis come from?
light
what plant pigments are involved in photosynthesis?
chlorophyll
in what organelle of a plant cell does photosynthesis take place?
chloroplast
what is produced by photosynthesis?
glucose (sugars) and oxygen (O2)
in what organelle of a cell does cell respiration take place?
mitochondrion
