Photosynthesis and Respiration

Question 1

ATP

Answer 1

Adenosine triphosphate (ATP), energy-carrying molecule found in the cells of all living things. ATP captures chemical energy obtained from the breakdown of food molecules and releases it to fuel other cellular processes. Adenosine triphosphate. Quick Facts.

Question 2

autotroph

Answer 2

an organism that is able to form nutritional organic substances from simple inorganic substances such as carbon dioxide.

Question 3

Cellular Respiration

Answer 3

Cellular respiration is a set of metabolic reactions and processes that take place in the cells of organisms to convert chemical energy from oxygen molecules or nutrients into adenosine triphosphate (ATP), and then release waste products.

Question 4

Chloroplast

Answer 4

(in green plant cells) a plastid that contains chlorophyll and in which photosynthesis takes place.

Question 5

Glucose

Answer 5

Glucose is the main type of sugar in the blood and is the major source of energy for the body’s cells. Glucose comes from the foods we eat or the body can make it from other substances. Glucose is carried to the cells through the bloodstream. Several hormones, including insulin, control glucose levels in the blood.

Question 6

Heterotroph

Answer 6

an organism deriving its nutritional requirements from complex organic substances.

Question 7

Photosynthesis

Answer 7

the process by which green plants and some other organisms use sunlight to synthesize foods from carbon dioxide and water. Photosynthesis in plants generally involves the green pigment chlorophyll and generates oxygen as a byproduct.

Question 8

Producer

Answer 8

a person, company, or country that makes, grows, or supplies goods or commodities for sale.

Question 9

Monosaccharide

Answer 9

any of the class of sugars (e.g., glucose) that cannot be hydrolyzed to give a simpler sugar.

Question 10

Polysaccharide

Answer 10

a carbohydrate (e.g. starch, cellulose, or glycogen) whose molecules consist of a number of sugar molecules bonded together.

Question 11

Starch

Answer 11

an odorless, tasteless white substance occurring widely in plant tissue and obtained chiefly from cereals and potatoes. It is a polysaccharide which functions as a carbohydrate store and is an important constituent of the human diet.