photosynthesis and respiration Flashcards
ATP
ATP can be used to store energy for future reactions or be withdrawn to pay for reactions when energy is required by the cell. Animals store the energy obtained from the breakdown of food as ATP.
Autotroph
an organism that is able to form nutritional organic substances from simple inorganic substances such as carbon dioxide.
Cellular Respiration
Cellular respiration is a set of metabolic reactions and processes that take place in the cells of organisms to convert chemical energy from oxygen molecules or nutrients into adenosine triphosphate (ATP), and then release waste products.
Chloroplast
(in green plant cells) a plastid that contains chlorophyll and in which photosynthesis takes place.
Glucose
a simple sugar which is an important energy source in living organisms and is a component of many carbohydrates.
Heterotroph
an organism deriving its nutritional requirements from complex organic substances.
Photosynthesis
the process by which green plants and some other organisms use sunlight to synthesize foods from carbon dioxide and water. Photosynthesis in plants generally involves the green pigment chlorophyll and generates oxygen as a byproduct.
Producer
Plants are producers. They make their own food, which creates energy for them to grow, reproduce and survive. Being able to make their own food makes them unique; they are the only living things on Earth that can make their own source of food energy.
Monosaccharide
any of the class of sugars (e.g., glucose) that cannot be hydrolyzed to give a simpler sugar.
Polysaccharide
a carbohydrate (e.g. starch, cellulose, or glycogen) whose molecules consist of a number of sugar molecules bonded together.
Starch
Starch is manufactured in the green leaves of plants from excess glucose produced during photosynthesis and serves the plant as a reserve food supply.
