Photosynthesis and respiration Flashcards
What do plants need energy for
photosynthesis AT DNA replication cell division protein synthesis
What do animals need energy for
muscle contraction homeostasis AT DNA replication cell division protein synthesis
Why is ATP a good energy source?
Stores and releases energy in small, manageable amounts
small and soluble - easily transported around cell
easily broken down so energy released instantaneously
cant leave cell - so always an immediate energy supply present
What is a co-enzyme?
A molecule that aids the function of an enzyme
works by transferring chemical group from one molecule to another
e.g. NADP, NAD, FAD, CoA
where does photosynthesis take place
chloroplast - in thylakoid (stacked up into grana) - linked together by lamellae
what is a photosystem
photosynthetic pigment and the protein they are attached to - found in the thylakoid
PSI
absorbs light best at wave length of 700 nm
PSII
absorbs light best at 680nm
What is the stroma
gel like substance that surrounds thylakoids
contains enzymes, sugars and organic acids
carbs produced and not used straight away are stored as starch in the stroma
what is the light dependant reaction
thylakoid
light energy absorbed by chlorophyll in photosystems. excites electrons in the chlorophyll leading to their release from the molecule - PHOTOIONISATION
some of the energy from released electrons used to make ATP and some used to reduce NADP - transfers energy and hydrogen to the LIR.
during process water oxidised to oxygen
what is the light independent reaction
calvin cycle
stroma
ATP and NADPH from LDR supply energy and jydrogen to make sugars from CO2
energy from the photoionization of chlorophyll is used to..
make ATP from ADP and Pi - photophosphorylation - cyclic and non cyclic
NADP to NADPH
splitting water into protos and electrons and oxygen - PHOTOLYSIS
