photosynthesis and resperation Flashcards
review
what does ATP stand for
Adenosine triphosphate
what three main things that make up an ATP molecule
Nitrogen-containing base, 5 carbon sugar, 3 phosphate group
How many high-energy bonds does ATP contain
two
where are these high-energy bonds found in ATP
between each phosphate group
what helps weaken the high-energy bonds so energy can be released and then later help reform them
Enzymes
When ATP looses a phosphate group,________ is released for cells and a molecule of ______ forms
Energy, ADP
What type of cell contains chloroplasts
Plants and some algae
what is the energy autotrophs use to make their own food
sunlight energy
the food making process is called_____________
photosynthesis
what are the raw materials for photosynthesis
CO2-carbon dioxide, H2O-water
What simple sugar is produced after photosynthesis
Glucose sugar
What gas is used during photosynthesis and what gas is released
CO2-carbon dioxide, O2 Oxygen
where are most photosynthetic cells in plants found
leaves
about how many chloroplasts can be found in photosynthetic cells
thousands
how many membranes surround a chloroplast
two
the INDIVIDUAL SACS formed by the inner membrane are called ___________ and are arranged in __________ like pancakes called ________
Thylakoids, Stacks, Grana
what pigment is found inside a thylakoid? what color will it be
Chlorophyll, Green
other pigments that trap sunlight are called __________ pigments. What color are these pigments.
Accessory, (Red, orange, yellow, brown)
Why are mitochondria called the power house of the cell
it breaks the chemical bonds of the glucose to release energy to do work in the cell
what cell process occurs in the mitochondria
cellular respiration
why do some cells have MORE mitochondria? give an example
the more active the cell the more energy needed- muscle cell
What simple sugar is broken down in the mitochondria
Glucose Sugar
Where does the energy in the glucose come from ORIGINALLY
sunlight
where is the energy stored in glucose
in chemical bonds
why is cellular respiration an aerobic process
it requires oxygen
What energy is released when the chemical bonds of glucose are broken
ATP
What is the energy molecule of the cell called
ATP
What macromolecule made by plants is “burned” in the mitochondria
Carbohydrates (glucose)
in which part of a plant would you expect to find the most chloroplasts and why
Leaves, where the most green part.
