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BIOLOGY SEMESTER TWO > photosynthesis and cellular respiration > Flashcards

photosynthesis and cellular respiration Flashcards

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1
Q

cellular respiration chemical equation?

A

6O2 + C6H12O6 -> 6CO2 + 6H2O

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2
Q

photosynthesis chemical equation?

A

6CO2 + 6H2O -> 6O2 + C6H12O6

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3
Q

cellular resp purpose?

A

make ATP from glucose

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4
Q

photosynthesis purpose?

A

make glucose from light energy

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5
Q

How does a human get the reactants for cellular respiration and what happens to the products?

A

Reactants from food and water. The products: ATP, water, and CO2. ATP is used up as energy, water is released through our bladder and sweat, and we breathe out CO2.

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6
Q

Glycolysis

A

occurs: cytoplasm
reactants: ATP, glucose
products, 4 ATP, 2 NADH, 2 pyruvate
ATP: 2

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7
Q

Krebs

A

occurs: mitochondrion
reactants: 2 pyruvate
products: 8 NADH, 2 ATP, 2 FADH2
ATP: 2

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8
Q

electron transport chain

A

occurs: mitochondrion
reactants: NADH, FADH2, C2
products: ATP H2O
ATP: 32

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9
Q

what type of organisms perform photosynthesis

A

autotrophs

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10
Q

light dependent reactions

A

occurs: thylakoid membrane
reactants? sunlight and h2o
products: ATP NADPH, O2

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11
Q

light independent reactions (calvin)

A

occurs: stroma
reactants: CO2, ATP, NADPH
products: glucose, NADPH, ADP

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12
Q

why would a person be breathing heavily and sweating after exercising vigorously for 90 minutes?

A

When a person is breathing heavy, it is caused by the need to take in more oxygen. More oxygen is needed for a higher rate of respiration. Higher rate of respiration = more ATP produced. When you are exercising, you need energy, thus you ned to produce more ATP. Thus you need to have a higher rate of respiration. Thus you need more oxygen. Thus you breathe heavier, trying to take in more of that air/oxygen. For sweating, in cellular respiration, water is released, and you’d expel that water through sweating.

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13
Q

what molecules cycle between the chloroplasts and mitochondrion and describe what processes allow for that to occur.

A

carbon dioxide is used in photo then expelled in CR. Oxygen is expelled in photo then used in CR.

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14
Q

What is not a product of light-dependent reactions?

A

H2O

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15
Q

What is CO2 a reactant of?

A

light-independent reactions

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16
Q

What is the protein in the electron transport chain?

A

ATP synthase

17
Q

In what process is CO2 released?

A

Krebs

18
Q

A plant does not contain mitochondria.

A

false

19
Q

In cellular respiration, what are the key differences between aerobic and anaerobic pathways?

A

In anaerobic respiration, etc and krebs cannot occur, so glycolysis must repeat in order to keep producing ATP. The pyruvate converts into lactic acid and this reaction regenerates NAD+ from NADH, allowing glycolysis to continue repeating. In aerobic, glycolysis, etc, and krebs can all occur because oxygen can occur.

20
Q

Discuss the interdependence between photosynthesis and cellular respiration in ecosystems. How do these processes maintain the balance of atmospheric gases, particularly oxygen and carbon dioxide? Provide specific examples of how disruptions to these processes can impact both biotic and abiotic components of an ecosystem.

A

In photosynthesis, sunlight, carbon dioxide and water make glucose and oxygen. That glucose and oxygen is then used in cellular respiration to make ATP, carbon dioxide, and water.
For example:
more coal burning -> more co2 in atmosphere -> hotter Earth -> less plants (performing photosynthesis) -> less O2

21
Q

Where does photosynthesis occur?

A

chloroplast

22
Q

main product of calvin cycle?

A

glucose

23
Q

reactants of CR?

A

glucose and oxygen

24
Q

In electron transport chain, how do hydrogen molecules get removed once they’ve passed back through protein?

A

combine with one oxygen molecule then excreted

25
Q

describe light-dependent reactions

A

reactants: light and water
ATP and NADPH produced (used in calvin)
O2 also a product
Occurs in thylakoid membrane
1. light enters thylakoid membrane
2. photosystem II occurs, electron becomes highly charged
3. Goes through an electron transport chain, losing charge
4. Photosystem I occurs, highly charged electron goes through an electron transport chain, losing charge
5. H+ molecules are pumped in
6. ADP - > ATP thanks to ATP synthase
7. NADPH also produced

BIOLOGY SEMESTER TWO (1 decks)

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