Photosynthesis and Cellular Respiration Flashcards
Features of the chloroplast
Outer membrane, Intermembrane space, Inner membrane, Stroma, Lamella, Granum, Thylakoid, Lumen
Stroma
The aqueous solution inside the chloroplast (similar to the cytoplasm)
Lamella
A thin, plate like structure that the thylakoids rest on
Thylakoids
The discs that are the site of light dependent reactions. They contain chlorophyll and capture sunlight.
Granum
They are stacks of thylakoids in chloroplasts that contain chlorophyll; the site of photosynthesis.
Light dependent reaction (water splitting)
Step 1 in photosynthesis: Is when the chlorophyll captures light and water and uses it to create ATP & NADPH
Light independent reaction
(carbon fixing)
Step 2 in photosynthesis: The ATP & NADPH from the light dependent reaction + carbon dioxide is used to create glucose
chloroplast
a double membrane bound organelle that contains flattened, fluid-filled sacs that are the site of photosynthesis. Chloroplasts also contain their own DNA and ribosomes
chlorophyll
Pigments that capture lights, but they do not capture green wavelengths as they reflect them.
photosynthesis word formula
carbon dioxide + water = glucose and oxygen
autotrophs
an organism that produces their own nutrients/food using photosynthesis
heterotrophs
an organism that ingests nutrients by feeding on autotrophs or on other organisms.
cellular respiration
Cellular respiration is a series of chemical reactions that break down glucose to produce ATP, which may be used as energy to power many reactions throughout the body. There are three main steps of cellular respiration: glycolysis, the citric acid cycle, and electron transport cycle
aerobic cellular respiration chemical formula
C6H12O6 + 6O2 → 6CO2 + 6H2O + 30/32ATP
photosynthesis chemical formula
6CO2 + 6H2O → C6H12O6 + 6O2
aerobic respiration + word formula
Is to create ATP with oxygen. Glucose + Oxygen = Carbon Dioxide + Water + 30 or 32 ATP
anaerobic respiration in plants + word formula
Is to create ATP without oxygen. Glucose = Carbon dioxide + ethanol + 2ATP
anaerobic respiration in animals + word formula
Is to create ATP without oxygen. Glucose = 2ATP + lactate (lactic acid)
Glycolysis
Step 1 of aerobic cellular respiration: Occurs in the cytosol and does not require oxygen. 1 Glucose converts to 2 pyruvate.
Krebs Cycle
Step 2 of aerobic cellular respiration: occurs in the mitochondrion matrix. 2 ATP molecules released after this occurs
Electron Transport Chain
Step 3 of aerobic cellular respiration: occurs in the mitochondrion cristae. 26 or 28 ATP molecules are released after this occurs.
what is photosynthesis
A chemical process in which solar energy is captured and transformed to chemical energy by fixing carbon to produce a carbohydrate and releasing oxygen as a by-product.
