Photosynthesis and Cellular Respiration

Question 1

Photosynthesis:

Answer 1

The process in which photoautotrophs use solar energy to convert carbon dioxide and water into oxygen and chemical potential energy in the form of carbohydrates.

Question 2

Oxidation:

Answer 2

The process in which an atom or a compound loses an electron and is oxidized.

Question 3

Reduction:

Answer 3

The process in which an atom or compound gains an electron and is reduced.

Question 4

OIL RIG:

Answer 4

Oxidation is a loss, reduction is a gain.

Question 5

Redox reactions:

Answer 5

Oxidation or reduction.

Question 6

Oxidation and reduction occur ______________, so in a redox reaction, an electron transfer occurs in which one entity is oxidized and another entity is reduced.

Answer 6

simultaneously

Question 7

Reducing power:

Answer 7

All compounds contain more energy in their reduced form.

Question 8

In photosynthesis, carbon dioxide is reduced to form _______ and water is oxidized to form ______.

Answer 8

glucose, oxygen

Question 9

Chloroplast:

Answer 9

The site of photosynthesis; there are up to 200 chloroplasts in a single photosynthetic cell.

Question 10

What are the membrane layers of a chloroplast from outside to inside?

Answer 10

The outer membrane, intermembrane space, and inner membrane.

Question 11

What are the disks in a chloroplast called individually and then as a stack?

Answer 11

Thylakoid, granum.

Question 12

What do granums float in?

Answer 12

Stroma.

Question 13

What is inside of an individual thylakoid?

Answer 13

Thylakoid lumen.

Question 14

Pigments:

Answer 14

Absorb the solar energy required for photosynthesis.

Question 15

Photosystems:

Answer 15

Pigments are located in clusters called photosystems in the thylakoid membranes of chloroplasts.

Question 16

Where are pigments found?

Answer 16

In the thylakoid membrane

Question 17

Chlorophyll:

Answer 17

The primary pigment in photosynthetic organisms.

Question 18

Chlorophyll a:

Answer 18

All photosynthetic organisms contain the chlorophyll a pigment, which absorbs red and blue wavelengths of light and reflects green wavelengths of light.

Question 19

Chlorophyll b:

Answer 19

All plants and green, algae contain the chlorophyll b pigment, which absorbs red-blue wavelengths of light and reflects green wavelengths of light.

Question 20

Accessory pigments:

Answer 20

Photosynthetic organisms also contain accessory pigments such as xanthophylls and carotenoids.

Question 21

Beta-carotene:

Answer 21

Beta-carotene is an accessory pigment that absorbs violet and blue-green wavelengths of light and reflects yellow, orange and red wavelengths of light.

Question 22

Aerobic cellular respiration:

Answer 22

The process in which glucose reacts with oxygen to produce carbon dioxide, water and energy in the form of ATP. Glucose is oxidized to form carbon dioxide and oxygen is reduced to form water.

Question 23

The _____________ is the site of many processes involved in aerobic cellular respiration

Answer 23

mitochondrion

Question 24

Glycolysis:

Answer 24

An anaerobic process that occurs in the cytoplasm of all living cells.