Photosynthesis Flashcards
describe the process of photosynthesis
the process in which light energy is used in the synthesis of organic molecules such as glucose
where does photosynthesis take place?
- in the chloroplasts of cells
- in leaves and other green parts of the plant
summarise the equation of photosynthesis
water + carbon dioxide -> oxygen +glucose
what is reduction?
- gain of electrons
- loss of oxygen
- gain of hydrogen
what is oxidation?
- loss of electrons
- gain of oxygen
- loss of hydrogen
what are the two stages of photosynthesis?
- light dependent stage
- light independent stage
what absorbs the light in photosynthesis?
a pigment called chlorophyll
what is excess food used for ?
- either stored
- used for making other substances such as cellulose, proteins, lipids which are used for growth
describe the DNA in a chloroplast
circular
where do the reactions for photosynthesis occur?
the thylakoid membranes of chloroplasts
describe what and where a thylakoid membrane is
the membrane that surrounds chloroplasts
containing tightly packed chlorophyll
define thee term phosphorilation
making ATP using light energy
define the term photolysis
using light to split water molecule into hydrogen, electrons and oxygen
define the term photionisation
loss of electrons from chlorophyll due to absorption of light
what are the electrons produced in photolysis used for?
to replace the electrons lost from the chlorophyll
in the light dependent stage of photosynthesis, what is the light energy used for?
- to excite electrons in chlorophyll which allows an inorganic phosphate ion to be added to to ADP (phosphorylation)
- to split water in to h+ ions and electrons (photolysis )
describe the role of the elctron transport chain
- accept electorns from one molecule and donate them to another
- they cab use energy from excited electons to pump h+ions from one side of the thylakoid membrane t the other
name a 5 carbon compound
ribulose bi phosphate
name a 3 carbon compound
- triose phosphate
- glycerate 3 phosphate
name a product of light dependent reaction that is use d in the light independent reaction?
- reduced NADP
- ATP
name the enzymes associated with photosynthesis
-ribisco
name a component that can be made from TP but is not part of the carbon cycle
amino acid
name a product of the light independent reaction that is not sued in the light independent stage of photosynthesis
oxygen
what are ATP and reduced NADP used for in the light independent stages?
reducing carbon dioxide from the atmosphere, building it into carbohydrates
define the term limiting factor
on factor in such short supply it limits the rate of photosynthesis
what are some limiting factors of photosynthesis?
- light intensity
- temperature
- co2 concentration
