photosynthesis

Question 1

LDR

Answer 1

light energy excites electrons in chlorophyll
photolysis produces oxygen, electrons and hydrogen ions
electrons used in electron transport chain
phosphorylation occurs
NADP IS REDUCED by electrons to NADPH

Question 2

relationship between structure and functions of a granum

Answer 2

formed of many layers of thylakoid membranes
increase SA for light absorption
thylakoid membranes contain chlorophyll to absorb light
electron carrier molecules in thylakoid membrane involved in ATP production

Question 3

how starch is formed from products of LDR

Answer 3

two galp molecules produce glucose molecule
glucose joined together by glycosidic bonds to form starch
- condensation reaction
produces amylose and amylopectin

Question 4

investigation of effectiveness of herbicides on LDR

Answer 4

control temperature
put 1 tube in the dark
time taken to decolourise DCPIP/ colorimeter to compare final colours
- more effective= longer to decolourise DCPIP
Hill reaction - isolate chloroplasts

Question 5

why does CO2 conc affect growth of plant in greenhouse

Answer 5

CO2 is limiting factor
carbon fixation produces GP/ GALP
increased CO2= more carbohydrates/ polysacs/ glucose being produces
= greater rate of plant growth

Question 6

roles of products of LDR in calvin cycle

Answer 6

ATP and NADP produced
ATP used by enzyme converting GP - GALP and GALP to RuBP
reduced NADP used to convert GP to GALP

Question 7

light independent stage

Answer 7

fixation with CO2 enables hydrogen to be stored as glucose

Question 8

non cyclic

Answer 8

produces reduced NADP + ATP
when light energy is absorbed by PSI, high energy electrons are released- transferred directly to NADP, not passed along ETC
electrons react with a proton in stroma to produce reduced NADP

Question 9

non cyclic photolysis

Answer 9

lost electrons are replaced in PSII by photolysis
electrons replace those released when PSII absorbs light