Photosynthesis Flashcards
How do gases (Oxygen and Carbon Dioxide) move in and out of the leaf?
They enter and exit via diffusion through the leaf stomata in the lower epidermis.
What’s the difference between the Xylem and the Phloem?
The xylem (found near the inside) moves water and minerals through the vein while the Phloem (found near the outside) moves sugar.
What’s the difference between Autotroph and Heterotroph?
Autotroph makes its nutrients through natural sources such as sunlight (self-feeding). Heterotrophs are dependent on eating other animals (other-dependent).
Photosynthesis and Cell Resp. equations.
Photosynthesis:
CO2 + H20 + ENERGY (SUNLIGHT) = C6H12O6 + O2
Cellular Respiration:
C6H12O6 + O2 = CO2 + H20 + ENERGY
Anabolic and Catabolic.
Anabolic:
Creating a larger molecule out of smaller ones.
Catabolic:
Creating smaller molecules out of a larger one.
Endergonic and Exergonic.
Endergonic:
Requires energy to create a reaction.
Exergonic:
Releasing energy to create a reaction.
Where does Photosynthesis occur?
It occurs in the Palisade and Spongy layers (mesophyll) of the leaf. It happens in the Thylakoid membranes of the Chloroplast.
Oxidation and Reduction.
Oxidation:
The loss of an electron in a molecule.
Reduction:
The gain of an electron in a molecule.
- What happens in Photosystem II?
- Photosystem II electrons are excited by photons from sunlight. They bounce across pigment molecules until they get to the reaction center.
- What happens in Electron Transport System?
- Electron Carrier brings electron from the reaction center to the Electron Acceptor where it passes along electron-carrying molecules. It loses a lot of it’s energy doing this.
What is Photolysis?
The splitting of H2O molecules which transfers its electrons into Photosystem II. The Hydrogen is pushed into the Thylakoid because of the proteins and oxygen is released into the stroma.
- What happens in Photosystem I?
- In Photosystem I, the electron arrives in the reaction center where it becomes exited and is moved by an electron carrier to the electron acceptor.
What is Chemiosmosis?
It’s the creation of ATP through protein synthase. The only way for Hydrogen to exit the Thylakoid is if it goes through the protein synthase which turns ADP + PI to ATP.
- Generating NADPH.
The electron passes through another electron-transport system where it enters NADP+ and attracts a hydrogen creating NADPH.
What’s the Calvin Benson Cycle?
The second step of Photosynthesis which converts 6 NADPH TO 6 NADP and 6 ATP TO 6 ADP + PI and 3 ATP to 3 ADP. It makes Glucose by doing the cycle 6 times.
