Photosynthesis

Question 1

outline the light independent reaction

Answer 1

• light energy excites electrons in chlorophyll to higher energy levels
• electrons pass through etc which involve redox reactions
• energy lost from etc is used to pump H+
• photolysis of h2o produces electrons, H+ and o2
• H+ has an electrochemical gradient that has formed and H+ moves through ATP - Synthase down the gradient.
• ATP produced from ADP and Pi. NADP accepts electrons and H+ forming NADPH.

Question 2

where does the light independent reaction

Answer 2

stroma

Question 3

outline the Calvin cycle

Answer 3

-RuBP found in the stroma combines with CO2 to make two molecules of GP. This reaction is catalysed by Rubisco
- GP is reduced to TP using NADPH and energy from ATP
- Most of the carbons in TP are used to regenerate RuBP so that the reaction continues but some is used to make organic substances such as glucose.

Question 4

whats chemiosmosis

Answer 4

movement of protons via ATP - Synthase down the proton gradient whilst producing ATP from ADP and Pi.