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biology paper 1 > photosynthesis > Flashcards

photosynthesis Flashcards

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AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

what is the function of pigments?

A

absorb light energy for photosynthesis

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2
Q

what is the absorption spectrum?

A

a graph to show the amount of light that is absorbed at different wavelengths

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3
Q

what is the action spectrum?

A

a graph to show the rate of photosynthesis at different wavelengths

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4
Q

what is the significance of the shapes of the absorption and action spectrum?

A

similar shapes which shows the wavelengths that’s being absorbed is being used in photosynthesis

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5
Q

what is the role of a photosystem?

A

absorb light energy, made up of the antenna complex and reaction centre

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6
Q

what is the antenna complex made up of?
what does it do?

A

accessory pigments
harvests light energy and passes the excitation to the reaction centre

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7
Q

what is in the reaction centre?

A

chlorophyll a

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8
Q

what happens in the reaction centre?

A

excited chlorophyll a molecules emit one electron

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9
Q

where does the light dependent stage take place?
what does it require?

A

thylakoid membranes
light energy and water

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10
Q

what does the light dependent stage produce?

A

reduced NADP
ATP
oxygen

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11
Q

what is water split into during photolysis of water?

A

hydrogen ions, electrons and oxygen

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12
Q

what does each molecule do after photolysis of water?

A

h ions used to reduce NADP to reduced NADP
electrons used to replace those lost in photosystem 2

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13
Q

what is photophosphorylation?

A

phosphorylation of ATP using light energy

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14
Q

what photosystem does cyclic photophosphorylation use?
what is cyclic …

A

1
excited electrons pass from electron acceptors to electron carrier and back to ps1

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15
Q

where does the light independent stage occur

A

stroma

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16
Q

how is glycerate-3-phosphate produced?

A

CO2 is fixed to/ taken in by ribulose bisphosphate by the enzyme Rubisco

17
Q

how is triose phosphate made?

A

ATP and reduced NADP used to reduce glycerate-3-phosphate

18
Q

how is ribulose bisphosphate regenerated?

A

ATP

19
Q

what happens if its dark?

A

light dependent stage stop as no light energy
stops a glycerate-3-phosphate as no ATP or reduced NADP to reduce GP to TP

20
Q

what is the definition of a limiting factor?

A

one in shortest supply/closest to minimal value, prevents any increase in rate of photosynthesis

21
Q

examples of factors affecting PS

A

wavelengths, light intensity,
co2 conc
temperature

22
Q

what do plants need magnesium for?

A

chlorophyll

23
Q

what does a plant need nitrogen for?

A

synthesis of proteins, nucleic acids and chlorophyll

biology paper 1 (4 decks)

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