Photoplankton

Question 1

Single cell plants that sometimes form chains

Answer 1

Phytoplankton

Question 2

Single cell animals up to 2-3” in size, herbivores + carnivores

Answer 2

Zooplankton

Question 3

Photo and zoo plankton also spawn and larvae (developing animals)
[copepods, krill, jellyfish, mola mola] poor swimmers, drift with current

Answer 3

Plankton

Question 4

Polar- temperate seas, have a silicon shell

Answer 4

Diatom (phytoplankton)

Question 5

Tropics, low nutrient conditions, may bloom in high nutrient areas

Answer 5

Dinoflagellates (phytoplankton)

Question 6

Salt- marsh plants, roots submerged only at high tide, roots act as snorkels, glands excrete salt
They stop erosion, creating land nursery for neretic fish

Answer 6

Mangroves (marine plants)

Question 7

Rootlike horizontal stems connect under sediment for attachment. Pollen is released in current

Answer 7

Sea grasses (turtle grasses) [marine plants]

Question 8

Sargassums- floating Matt’s of surface held up by n2 filled bladders

Answer 8

Brown algae

Question 9

Cold water, may grow 2 inches a day

Answer 9

Giant kelp

Question 10

Found during WW2 with sonar, a very large layer of deep water sealift, found at varying depths, especially during night/ day

Answer 10

DSL. Deep scattering layer

Question 11

97% of all animal life. Vary from a single called Protozoa to 80 feet giant squids. Some are primitive, others have highly specialized organs.

Answer 11

Invertebrates

Question 12

Cephalopoda are considered highly intelligent. None have backbones or spines. All show regeneration to some extent, and body fluid salinity is equal to seawater.

Answer 12

Invertebrates

Question 13

Filter through mud or sand

Answer 13

Detritus

Question 14

Filter out seawater

Answer 14

Filter feeder

Question 15

“Doesn’t move often”

Answer 15

Sessile

Question 16

In between the tides

Answer 16

Littoral

Question 17

Shallow water

Answer 17

Neretic

Question 18

On or in the bottom

Answer 18

Benthic

Question 19

In the water

Answer 19

Pelagic

Question 20

Deep water

Answer 20

Oceanic

Question 21

Dinoflagellates bloom, excess nutrients from upwellings

Answer 21

Red tide

Question 22

Either toxic and kill the fish or oxygen depletion kills the fish

Answer 22

“Bloom”

Question 23

Most abundant animal on earth

Answer 23

Copepods (shrimp like)

Question 24

1/4” to 3”, shrimp like, feed on copepods, provide for fish, birds and whales

Answer 24

Krill

Question 25

Sponges, contain only specialized cells only, can form large colonies, benthic, sessile, filter feeders spawn or bud

Answer 25

Porifera (specialized cells)

Question 26

Benthic, sessile, tentacles (anemones)

Answer 26

Polyp (chidarians) | Specialized tissue

Question 27

Pelagic, tentacles, jellyfish

Answer 27

Medusa (chidarians) | Specialized tissue

Question 28

All chidarians have ______ or pressure activated harpoons to stun and kill prey

Answer 28

Nematocysts

Question 29

One or no shell, muscular foot, abalone nudibranches, scrape algae with radula (tongue)

Answer 29

Gastropods (mollusks)

Question 30

Two hard shells, clams, mussels, filter feed

Answer 30

Bivalves (mollusks)

Question 31

Very well developed senses, arms equipped with suckers, water "jetted" out through a siphon for fast movement, ink to escape

Answer 31

Cephalopods (mollusks)

Question 32

8 arms with suckers, hard beam to rip prey, radula rasps away flesh, excellent eyesight, chromatophore a (skin pigments that change colors), crawl or swim using siphon

Answer 32

Octopus (cephalopods, mollusks)

Question 33

8 arms, 2 tentacles, hark beak, excellent eyesight, chromatophores, swim slowly with mantle "fins" or jet quickly with siphon

Answer 33

Squid (cephalopods, mollusks)

Question 34

Squid like, except they have a curdle that's chalky

Answer 34

Cuttlefish (cephalopods, mollusks)

Question 35

Hard outer shell, like a cuttlefish, not as good of a swimmer, good eye sight, possum of the ocean world

Answer 35

Nautilus (cephalopods, mollusks)

Question 36

Hard, segmented exoskeleton with jointed appendages made of Chiton. Moved by muscles and tendons

Answer 36

Athropods

Question 37

These animals vary from very hard shelled filter feeding barnacles, small copepods, Isopods (whale live) to crabs and lobsters.

Answer 37

Crustaceans (Arthropods)

Question 38

Decapods, 5 pairs of walking legs and 1 pair modified into claws. Very mobile crawlers. Females have larger body (cephalothorax) to carry eggs

Answer 38

Crabs (Arthropods)

Question 39

Large modified (abdomen) tail to carry eggs and flee rapidly backwards

Answer 39

Lobsters (Arthropods)

Question 40

Both crabs and lobsters have ______ in their stomach to grind food and a well developed ___ for smell, sight and touch

Answer 40

Chitinous teeth and CNS

Question 41

Endoskeleton solid or played for movement. Every thin walled stomach over prey to digest. Radial symmetry, reproduce by spawning, some budding. Move by a WVS

Answer 41

Echinoderms

Question 42

Tube feet with a sucker on the end, extend when filled with water from a muscular sac ampullae "intake" is the madreporite on the dorsal side

Answer 42

Water vascular system

Question 43

Solid endoskeleton "test" urchin protective spines

Answer 43

Sea urchin and sand dollar (Echinoderms)

Question 44

Plated endoskeleton for movement

Answer 44

Sea stars and brittle stars

Question 45

Eviscerate-throw up and out, internal organs for escape diversion

Answer 45

Sea cucumber

Question 46

All possess (in part of their lives) a dorsal nerve chord, gill slits, and a notochord

Answer 46

Chordates

Question 47

During their larval stage are similar to a tadpole with a dorsal nerve chord gills and notochord. Revert to a sessile, benthic filter feeder as an adult

Answer 47

Tunicates (sea squirts)