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Question 1

What is the main purpose of photosynthesis?

Answer 1

To convert sunlight into chemical energy in the form of glucose.

Question 2

What are the two main stages of photosynthesis?

Answer 2

Light-dependent reactions and light-independent reactions (Calvin cycle).

Question 3

Where does photosynthesis primarily occur in plants?

Answer 3

In the chloroplasts, specifically in the thylakoid membranes and stroma.

Question 4

What is the primary pigment involved in photosynthesis?

Answer 4

Chlorophyll.

Question 5

What gas is taken in by plants during photosynthesis?

Answer 5

Carbon dioxide (CO2).

Question 6

What gas is released by plants as a byproduct of photosynthesis?

Answer 6

Oxygen (O2).

Question 7

During which stage of photosynthesis is oxygen released?

Answer 7

During the light-dependent reactions.

Question 8

What is the role of water in photosynthesis?

Answer 8

To provide electrons during the light-dependent reactions.

Question 9

What is the primary energy source for photosynthesis?

Answer 9

Sunlight.

Question 10

What is the overall chemical equation for photosynthesis?

Answer 10

6CO2 + 6H2O + light energy -> C6H12O6 + 6O2.

Question 11

What is the purpose of the Calvin cycle in photosynthesis?

Answer 11

To produce glucose from carbon dioxide using ATP and NADPH.

Question 12

What is the importance of ATP and NADPH in photosynthesis?

Answer 12

They are energy carriers used in the Calvin cycle to convert carbon dioxide into glucose.

Question 13

What factors can affect the rate of photosynthesis?

Answer 13

Light intensity, temperature, water availability, and carbon dioxide concentration.

Question 14

What is the significance of photosynthesis in the ecosystem?

Answer 14

It is the primary source of energy for most living organisms and is essential for oxygen production.

Question 15

What is the relationship between photosynthesis and cellular respiration?

Answer 15

Photosynthesis produces glucose and oxygen, which are used in cellular respiration to produce ATP and carbon dioxide.

Question 16

What is the difference between C3, C4, and CAM plants in terms of photosynthesis?

Answer 16

C3 plants use the Calvin cycle, C4 plants have an additional step to concentrate carbon dioxide, and CAM plants open stomata at night to reduce water loss.

Question 17

What is photophosphorylation in photosynthesis?

Answer 17

The process of using light energy to add a phosphate group to ADP to form ATP.

Question 18

What is the role of rubisco in photosynthesis?

Answer 18

Rubisco is an enzyme that catalyzes the first step of carbon fixation in the Calvin cycle.

Question 19

What is photorespiration and how does it affect photosynthesis?

Answer 19

Photorespiration is a wasteful process where oxygen competes with carbon dioxide, reducing the efficiency of photosynthesis.

Question 20

What are the products of the light-dependent reactions in photosynthesis?

Answer 20

ATP, NADPH, and oxygen.

Question 21

What are the products of the Calvin cycle in photosynthesis?

Answer 21

Glucose (and other sugars), ADP, and NADP+.

Question 22

What is the role of the electron transport chain in photosynthesis?

Answer 22

To transfer electrons and create a proton gradient for ATP synthesis during the light-dependent reactions.

Question 23

What is the role of the stomata in photosynthesis?

Answer 23

To regulate gas exchange by opening and closing to control the intake of carbon dioxide and release of oxygen.

Question 24

What is the significance of the light-dependent reactions in photosynthesis?

Answer 24

They capture sunlight and convert it into chemical energy in the form of ATP and NADPH.