Phonology Key Vocabulary

Question 1

Phonology

Answer 1

study of distribution of sounds in a language and the interactions between those different sounds

Question 2

Sound Substitution

Answer 2

sound exist in a language a speaker knows are used to replace sounds that do not exist in that language

Question 3

Allophone

Answer 3

an actual phonetic segment

Question 4

Phoneme

Answer 4

class speech sounds identified by a narrative speaker as the same sound

Question 5

Alteration

Answer 5

simply a difference between tow or more phonetic forms that might be otherwise expect to be related

Question 6

Complementary Distribution

Answer 6

pair of antonyms such that everything must be described by the first word

Question 7

free variation

Answer 7

term used to refer to two sounds that occurring overlapping environments but cause no distinction in the meaning of their respective words

Question 8

underlying form

Answer 8

phonemic form of a word or morpheme before phonological ruse are applied

Question 9

conditioning environment

Answer 9

neighboring sounds of a given sound that cause it to undergo a change

Question 10

vocal harmony

Answer 10

long distance assimilation

Question 11

Phonemic Analysis

Answer 11

can be performed successfully on any language

Question 12

voicing assimilation

Answer 12

vibration of appox. vocals fold caused by air passing through them

Question 13

impaction law

Answer 13

observation about language universals that takes the form of an implication

Question 14

maximally distinct

Answer 14

consonant and vowels

Question 15

degree

Answer 15

sounds will be used in a particular language

Question 16

range of distribution

Answer 16

sounds in words of the language

Question 17

manner dissimilation

Answer 17

stop become a fricative when followed by another stop

Question 18

CV metathesis

Answer 18

change the order of sounds

Question 19

aspiration

Answer 19

voiceless stop become aspirated when they occur at the beginning of stressed syllable

Question 20

overlapping distribution

Answer 20

they can occur in the same environment

Question 21

nasal place assimilation

Answer 21

alveolar nasal assimilates to the place of articulation of a following consonant

Question 22

strengthening

Answer 22

make sound strong

Question 23

flapping

Answer 23

sound produced by bringing two articulator together very quickly

Question 24

basic allophone

Answer 24

used when none of the change inducing conditions are fulfilled

Question 25

restricted allophone

Answer 25

appears in more limited set of phonetic environment