Phonology Key Vocabulary Flashcards
Phonology
study of distribution of sounds in a language and the interactions between those different sounds
Sound Substitution
sound exist in a language a speaker knows are used to replace sounds that do not exist in that language
Allophone
an actual phonetic segment
Phoneme
class speech sounds identified by a narrative speaker as the same sound
Alteration
simply a difference between tow or more phonetic forms that might be otherwise expect to be related
Complementary Distribution
pair of antonyms such that everything must be described by the first word
free variation
term used to refer to two sounds that occurring overlapping environments but cause no distinction in the meaning of their respective words
underlying form
phonemic form of a word or morpheme before phonological ruse are applied
conditioning environment
neighboring sounds of a given sound that cause it to undergo a change
vocal harmony
long distance assimilation
Phonemic Analysis
can be performed successfully on any language
voicing assimilation
vibration of appox. vocals fold caused by air passing through them
impaction law
observation about language universals that takes the form of an implication
maximally distinct
consonant and vowels
degree
sounds will be used in a particular language
range of distribution
sounds in words of the language
manner dissimilation
stop become a fricative when followed by another stop
CV metathesis
change the order of sounds
aspiration
voiceless stop become aspirated when they occur at the beginning of stressed syllable
overlapping distribution
they can occur in the same environment
nasal place assimilation
alveolar nasal assimilates to the place of articulation of a following consonant
strengthening
make sound strong
flapping
sound produced by bringing two articulator together very quickly
basic allophone
used when none of the change inducing conditions are fulfilled
