Phonology and Prosody

Question 1

DEFINE Effected Received pronunciation (RP) 👵🏾

Answer 1

Old fashioned RP

Question 1

Who said that regional accents were perceived to be more honest, trustworthy and friendly? 🧡🐠

Answer 1

Giles

Question 2

What does RP stand for and what is it? 🗣️

Answer 2

1. Received pronunciation
2. RP is an accent regarded as the standard and most prestigious form of spoken British English

Question 3

Why is Received Pronunciation considered an accent, not a dialect?

Answer 3

A dialect suggests the geographic region of the speaker whereas an accent, particularly RP, is associated with a person’s location within the social hierarchy.

Question 4

Who coined the term Received Pronunciation, and when? 🐰🦅🦊, 😏

Answer 4

AJ Ellis in 1869

Question 5

What is the perlocutionary force of using RP?

Answer 5

Audiences attributing Overt Prestige to the speaker. It establishes straight away in conversation that they are educated and prosperous.

Question 6

DEFINE glottal stop, give 5 examples.
[⭕️⭕️⭕️💢]
🪡~🍴🍼👼

Answer 6

A stop sound made by the rapid closing vocal cords.
E.G
- Button
- Sentence
- Restaurant
- Bottle
- Little

Question 7

Where do glottal stops typically appear and how are they perceived, according to who?

Answer 7

They are features of regional accents, however, Trudgill says it is often stigmatised due to it’s association with the working class

Question 8

DEFINE Hypercorrection and give an example ❌🍷

Answer 8

Hypercorrection is the overapplication of a grammar rule or pronunciation.

[e.g my husband and I]

Question 9

DEFINE Phonology 👥👥📝

Answer 9

The STUDY of Speech sounds ➕ how they change dependent on contexts

Question 10

DEFINE Prosody + example❓ 📈📉

Answer 10

The Study of connected➖speech➖sounds

e.g. Intonation/rhyme

Question 11

WHAT are -ing endings apart of?

Answer 11

Class accents

Question 12

DEFINE a filler word? 💭

Answer 12

Verbal pauses/placeholders to give speaker time to think ⛽️

Question 13

What are 3️⃣ Phonolgical features and 3️⃣ Prosodical features/effects to the filler word “um”?

Answer 13

Phonology
##Footnote

• Vocalised Pause
• (Typically) consists of mid-central vowel sound
• Represented as /ʌ/ or /ə/, followed by a nasal consonant /m/

Prosody
###Footnote
- Simple + often unstressed sound
- Fits smoothly into flow of speech
- Easy to produce quickly during pauses

Question 14

What is an ‘auditory clue’ and what are some examples? (proso) ⬆️

Answer 14

Sound/pattern of sounds that gives info or context within communication

e.g. rising intonation at the end of a question may indicate a question