Phonological Processes

Question 1

Denasalization

Answer 1

When a nasal consonant like /m/ or /n/ changes to a non nasal consonant like /b/ or /d/
Example: “doze” for “nose”

Question 2

Backing

Answer 2

When alveolar sounds like /t/ and /d/ are substituted with velar sounds like /k/ and /g/
Example: “gog” for “dog”

Question 3

Fronting

Answer 3

When velar or palatal sounds like /k/ and /g/ and /ʃ/ are substituted with alveolar sounds like /t/, /d/, and /s/
Example: “tootie” for “cookie”

Question 4

Gliding

Answer 4

When /r/ becomes /w/ and /l/ becomes /w/ or y sound
Example: “wabbit” for “rabbit”
“yeyo” for “yellow”

Question 5

Affrication

Answer 5

When a nonaffricate is replaced with an affricate /tʃ/ or /dʒ/
Example: “joor” for “door”

Question 6

Cluster Reduction

Question 7

Depalatalization

Question 8

Alveolarization

Question 9

Devoicing

Question 10

Labialization

Question 11

Voicing

Question 12

Deaffrication

Question 13

Stopping

Answer 13

When a fricative like /f/ or /s/ or affricate /tʃ/ or /dʒ/ is substituted with a stop consonant like /p/ or /d/
Example: “pan” for “fan” or “dump” for “jump”

Question 14

Assimilation

Question 15

Reduplication

Question 16

Epenthesis

Answer 16

When a sound is added between two consonants (typically the sound “uh”)
Example: “bu-lue” for “blue”

Question 17

Unstressed/Weak Syllable Deletion