Phonological loop Flashcards
Who studied brain damaged patients, which helped identify components in the phonological loop?
Vallar & Papagno (1995)
What is the phonological loop? (Baddeley et al, 2015)
Essentially a model of verbal short-term memory.
Where is the phonological loop thought to be located? (Baddeley, 2003)
Left hemisphere, temporoparietal Cx
Why might the phonological loop have evolved? (Baddeley et al, 2015)
To assist language acquisition. Evidence includes the study of second language acquisition.
What is the phonological similarity effect?
Serial recall of visually presented words is WORSE when the words are phonologically (sound) SIMILAR than dissimilar.
What is articulatory suppression?
Inhibiting memory tasks by speaking at the same time as words are visually presented
What is the link between Baddeley’s 1978 work and articulatory suppression?
Ppts could still remember as many words as they could say in 2 secs regardless of whether articulatory suppression was used.
What kind of deficit did Patient PV have? What was successfully predicted about her? (Baddeley et al 2015)
Phonological loop deficit: digit span 2 items. General language skills normal.
Successfully predicted that she would find it problematic to learn new language. (0/8 new Russian words learnt in task)
What conclusions can be drawn from Patient PV’s case? (Baddeley et al, 2015)
PV unimpaired in tasks that require semantic encoding. So it’s possible that semantic encoding uses information from the long-term memory
How did Baddeley (2003) define the phonological loop?
A phonological store which can hold memory traces for a few seconds before they fade. Uses an articulatory rehearsal process similar to subvocal speech (inside voice)
Why does the phonological similarity effect occur?
The items that are specified by each cue are encoded phonologically, with similar items having FEWER distinguishing cues. Assumed to occur at retrieval.
What produces direct access to the phonological store?
Auditory information
