Phonological and Pragmatic Development Flashcards
Simplification - Deletion
child drops a consonant - usually at the end of a word
e.g. ‘ca’ instead of ‘cat’
Simplification - Substitution
child replaces consonant with an easier one
e.g. ‘wegs’ instead of ‘legs’
Simplification - Cluster Reduction
Where there are consonant clusters (two or more together in a word), a child may drop one of the consonants.
e.g. ‘geen’ instead of ‘green’
Three main kinds of phonological simplification
- Deletion
- Substitution
- Cluster Reduction
Addition
a vowel is added to the end of a word
e.g. ‘dogu’ instead of ‘dog’
Assimilation
when one consonant in a word is changed because of the influence of another in the same word.
e.g. ‘bub’ instead of ‘tub’
Reduplication
when a phoneme is repeated
e.g. moo moo (cow) or bik-bik (biscuit)
Voicing
when voiceless consonants like p, t, f, s are replaced by their voiced equivalents b, d, v, z
e.g. ‘zok’ instead of ‘sock’
De-voicing
when voiced consonants are replaced by their voiceless equivalents
e.g. ‘pag’ instead of ‘bag’
What are Halliday’s 7 early functions of language?
‘I RIP HIR’
- Instrumental
- Regulatory
- Interactional
- Personal
- Heuristic
- Imaginative
- Representational
Berko and Brown (1960)
Fis Phenomenon
Children can recognise and understand a wider range of phonemes than they can produce.
